Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

İş Tatmini: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 112 - 134, 26.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.54969/abuijss.1440762

Öz

Bu çalışmada, tüm sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren işletme/kurumlarda iş tatmininin özelliklerini belirlemek ve iş tatminini bilimsel yöntemlere dayalı, güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçüm aracı kullanarak ölçmek amacıyla bir “İş Tatmini Ölçeği” geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma; sağlık, bankacılık/finans sektörü ve üniversiteler olmak üzere üç farklı örneklem grubundan elde edilen veriler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubu tarafından veri toplama aracı olarak 5'li Likert ölçek formatında hazırlanmış 17 ifadeden oluşan taslak ölçek kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler istatistiksel yazılım programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı ve açıklayıcı faktör analizleri (DFA ve EFA) ile geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Analiz bulgularına göre " İş Tatmini Ölçeği" iki alt boyut ve 13 ifadeden oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca güvenirlik analizleri ölçeğin oldukça güvenilir olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. “İçsel Tatmin” ve “Dışsal Tatmin” olarak adlandırılan iki alt boyutlu yapısıyla " İş Tatmini Ölçeği"nin, gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalarda çalışanların iş tatmininin belirlenmesi ve ölçülmesinde önemli bir ihtiyacı karşılayacağı ve böylece alandaki bu boşluğu dolduracağı düşünülmektedir. Ölçek maddeleri çalışmanın sonunda hem İngilizce hem de Türkçe olarak sunulmaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval was obtained for this research with the decision of the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Toros University, dated 21.12.2023 and numbered 147.

Kaynakça

  • Ackfeld, A.L.,Coote, L. V. (2005). “A Study of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in a Retail Setting”, Journal of Business Research (58): 151-159.
  • Ain, N. U., Azeem, M. U., Haq, I. U., & Mehmood, I. (2023). When does knowledge hiding hinder employees’ job performance? the roles of emotional exhaustion and emotional intelligence. Knowledge Management Research &Amp; Practice, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2023.2297972
  • Almuayad, K. M., & Chen, Y. (2024). Effect of Knowledge Management on Employee Job Performance in Yemeni Banking Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-30.
  • Aung, Z. M., San Santoso, D., & Dodanwala, T. C. (2023). Effects of demotivational managerial practices on job satisfaction and job performance: Empirical evidence from Myanmar’s construction industry. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 67, 101730.
  • Avey, J., Avolio, B., Luthans, F. (2011). Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. Leadersh. Q. 22 (2), 282–294.
  • Aydoğmuş, C. (2023). Bilinçli farkındalık ile örgütsel çıktılar (iş tatmini, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyeti) ilişkisi: Duygusal zekânın aracı rolü. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 11(1), 31-47.
  • Bacharach, S. B.,Bamberger, P. ve Conley, S. (1991). “Work-home conflict among nurses and engineers: Mediating the impact of role stress on burnout and satisfaction at work”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12, 39-53.
  • Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill's handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (3rd ed.). Free Press.
  • Bayık, M. ve Gürbüz, S., (2016). Ölçek uyarlamada metodoloji sorunu: yönetim ve örgüt alanında uyarlanan ölçekler üzerinden bir araştırma, The Journal of Human and Work, Volume 3(1), 1-20.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2006). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi: İstatistik, Araştırma Deseni SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık. Byrne, B. M. (1994). Structural Equation Modeling With EQS and EQS/Windows. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Camelie, N. P., Karyatun, S., & Digdowiseiso, K. (2023). Analysis of Work Motivation, Work Discipline, Job Satisfaction and Job Loyalty to Employee Performance of PT. Matahari Department Store East Jakarta. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 4(4), 679-693.
  • Cammann, C.,Fichman, M., Jenkins, Jr, G. D., ve Klesh, J. R. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. In S.E.Seashore, E.E. Lawler, P.H. Mirvis, & C.Cammann (Eds.) Assessing Organizational Change. New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Cellucci, A. J. ve DeVries, D. L. (1978). Measuring managerial satisfaction: A manual for the MJSQ. Greensboro, N.C: Center for Creative Leadership.
  • Choi, M. J., Koo, J., & Fortune, A. E. (2021). Predictors of job satisfaction among new MSWs: The role of organizational factors. Journal of Social Service Research, 47(4), 458–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2020.1830920
  • Churchill, G. A. Jr., Ford, N. M. ve Walker, O.C. (1974). “Measuring the Job Satisfaction of Industrial Salesman”, Journal of Marketing Research, 11, 254- 260.
  • Comer, J. (1989). “Psychometric assessment of a reduced version of INDSALES”, Journal of Business Research, Vol.18, No.4, 291-302.
  • Cropanzano, R., Nadisic, T., Kirk, J. F., & Shankland, R. (2024). The relationship of overall justice to flourishing and job performance: the moderating role of materialism. Social Justice Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-024-00430-4
  • Çalışkan A, Bekmezci M. (2019). Aşırı İş Yükünün İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde İş Tatmini ve Yaşam Tatminin Rolü, Sağlık Kurumu alışanları Örneği. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sos Bilim Enstitüsü Derg.;(March):381–431.
  • Çalışkan, A. (2019). Değişime Direnç: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24, (2), 237-252.
  • Çalışkan, A. (2021). Örgütsel Güven. Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1): 42-59.
  • Çalışkan, A. (2022). Örgütsel Etik İklimi: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(1), 34-54. https://doi.org/10.29131/uiibd.1118411
  • Çalışkan, A., & Köroğlu, E. Ö. (2022). Job Performance, Task Performance, Contextual Performance: Development And Valıdatıon Of A New Scale. Uluslararası İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 180-201. https://doi.org/10.29131/uiibd.1201880
  • Çalışkan, A., Akkoç, İ. ve Turunç, Ö. (2019). Yenilikçi Davranış: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 5 (1), 94-111. https://doi.org/10.29131/uiibd.562196
  • Davidescu, A. A., Apostu, S. A., Paul, A., & Casuneanu, I. (2020). Work flexibility, job satisfaction, and job performance among Romanian employees—Implications for sustainable human resource management. Sustainability, 12(15), 6086.
  • De Vellis, R. F. (2003). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (2nd ed., Vol. 26). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum.
  • Diener, Ed; Ulrich Schimmack ve Shigehiro Oishi. (2002). “Life-Satisfaction Is a Momentary Judgment and a Stable Personality Characteristic: The Use of Chronically Accessible and Stable Sources” Journal of Personality, Vol 70, No 3, 345–384.
  • Dodanwala, T. C., Santoso, D. S., & Yukongdi, V. (2023). Examining work role stressors, job satisfaction, job stress, and turnover intention of Sri Lanka’s construction industry. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(15), 2583-2592.
  • Ercan İ ve Kan İ. (2004). Ölçeklerde güvenirlik ve geçerlik, Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(3):211-216. Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Fütterer, T., van Waveren, L., Hübner, N., Fischer, C., & Sälzer, C. (2023). I can't get no (job) satisfaction? Differences in teachers' job satisfaction from a career pathways perspective. Teaching and Teacher Education, 121, 103942.
  • Genedy, M., Hellerstedt, K., Naldi, L., & Wiklund, J. (2024). Growing pains in scale-ups: how scaling affects new venture employee burnout and job satisfaction. Journal of Business Venturing, 39(2), 106367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106367
  • George, E, Zakkariya, K. A. (2018). Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector. Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector. 1–184.
  • George, J. M., & Jones, G. R. (1996). The experience of work and turnover intentions: Interactive effects of value attainment, job satisfaction, and positive mood. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(3), 318–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.3.318
  • Gollagari, R., Birega, T., & Mishra, S. S. (2024). Organizational justice, job satisfaction and academic rank: a moderating mediation study on employee commitment in ethiopian public universities. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2023-0047
  • Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (1984). Job insecurity: Toward conceptual clarity. Academy of Management Review, 9(3), 438-448.
  • Günbayı, İ., (2000). Örgütlerde İş Doyumu ve Güdüleme, Özen Yayıncılık, Ankara Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri (5. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Hackman, J.R.,Oldham, G.R. (1975). ”Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey”, Journal Of Applied Psychology, Vol. 60, No. 2, 159 170.
  • Hair, J. F. J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, Seventh Edition Prentice Hall.
  • Hartika, A., Fitridiani, M., & Asbari, M. (2023). The Effect of Job Satisfaction and Job Loyalty on Employee Performance: A Narrative Literature Review. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA), 2(3), 9-15.
  • Harvey Mary Ellen O’Grady (2000). “The Impact of Organizational Ethical Climate and Ethical Ideology on the Propensity to Create Budgetary Slack and Job Satisfaction”, Nova Southeastern University, Doctor of Business Administration.
  • Herzberg, F. (1968). One more time: How do you motivate employees? Harvard Business Review, 46(1), 53-62. James, L. R., & Jones, A. P. (1980). Perceived job characteristics and job satisfaction: An examination of reciprocal causation. Personnel Psycholog, 33, 97-135.
  • Jones, E.,Chonko, L., Rangarajan, D. ve Roberts, J. (2007). “The role of overload on job attitudes, turnover intentions, and sales person performance”, Journal of Business Research, 60, 663-671.
  • Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F., Podsakoff, N. P., Shaw, J. C., & Rich, B. L. (2010). The relationship between pay and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis of the literature. Journal of vocational behavior, 77(2), 157-167.
  • Judge, T. A.,Parker, S. K., Colbert, A. E., Heller, D., veIlies, R. (2001). “Job satisfaction: A cross-cultural review”. In N. Anderson, D. S. Ones, H. K. Sinangil,ve C. Viswesvaran (Eds.), Handbook of industrial, work, and organizational psychology (25-52). London, UK: Sage
  • Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263-291.
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika. 39 (1): 31–36.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). Faktör analizi. SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Kartal, M., & Bardakçi, S. (2018). SPSS ve AMOS uygulamalı örneklerle güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri. Akademisyen Kitabevi.
  • Katebi, A., HajiZadeh, M. H., Bordbar, A., & Salehi, A. M. (2022). The relationship between “job satisfaction” and “job performance”: A meta-analysis. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 23(1), 21-42.
  • Kinicki, A. J.,Mckee-Ryan, F. M., Schriesheim, C. A., ve Carson, K. P. (2002). “Assessing the construct validity of the Job Descriptive Index: A review and meta-analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87 , 14 – 32.
  • Klussman, K., Nichols, A., & Langer, J. (2021). meaning, purpose, and job satisfaction. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 20(2), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000268
  • Knoop, R. (1995). Influence of participative decision-making on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of school principals. Psychological Reports, 76, 379-382.
  • Lawrence, S. K. (2003). “An Examination of the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave Among Specialty Sales Representatives in a Major Pharmaceutical Organization”, Degree Doctor of Philosophy, Capella University.
  • Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (1297-1349).
  • Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). A theory of goal setting & task performance. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
  • Martins, H. ve T. Proença. (2012). “Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire-Psychometric Properties and Validation in a Population of Portuguese Hospital Workers”. FEB Working Papers.1-20.
  • Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment. Psychological bulletin, 108(2), 171.
  • Meydan, C. ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara. Meyers, L.S., Gamst, G. C. ve Guarino, C. (2005). Applied Multivariate Research: Design and Interpretation‖, SAGE Publications. ISBN-13: 978-1412904124.
  • Negri, L., Cilia, S., Falautano, M., Grobberio, M., Niccolai, C., Pattini, M., … & Bassi, M. (2021). job satisfaction among physicians and nurses involved in the management of multiple sclerosis: the role of happiness and meaning at work. Neurological Sciences, 43(3), 1903-1910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05520-8
  • Noe, R. A. (1986). Trainings in organizations: Needs assessment, development, and evaluation. Brooks/Cole. Ocak, M. (2020). Amos İle Adım Adım Yapısal Eşitlik Uygulamaları, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Özpehlivan, M. ( 2018). İş Tatmini: Kavramsal Gelişimi , Bireysel ve Örgütsel Etkileri , Yararları ve Sonuçları. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sos Bilim Derg.;2(2):43–70.
  • Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), 577-588.
  • Pekkan, N. Ü. ve Çalışkan, A. (2020). Yaratıcı Takım İklimi Ölçeği: Türkçe’ ye Uyarlama, Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Y: 19, S: 39, 1007-1021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.768433
  • Peters, T. J., & Waterman, R. H. (1982). In search of excellence: Lessons from America's best-run companies. Harper & Row.
  • Putra, A. S. B., Kusumawati, E. D., & Kartikasari, D. (2024). Psychological empowerment and psychological well-being as job performance mediators. Journal of Business Management and Economic Development, 2(01), 127-141. https://doi.org/10.59653/jbmed.v2i01.372
  • Rabinowitz, W., Falkenbach, K., Travers, J. R., Valentine, C. G., & Weener, P. (1983). Worker Motivation: Unsolved Problem or Untapped Resource? California Management Review, 25(2), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165004
  • Rathi, S. R., & Islam, A. (2024). Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Job Performance among Bankers: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Indian Psychȯlogy, 12(1).
  • Riyadi, S. (2020). The Influence of Leadership Style, Individual Characteristics and Organisational Climate on Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Performance. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 13(7), 662-677.
  • Robert, C. (2023). Humor and job satisfaction. Current opinion in psychology, 101721.
  • Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of the investment model. Journal of experimental social psychology, 16(2), 172-186.
  • Rusbult, C. E., ve Farrell, D. (1983). “A longitudinal test of the investment model: The impact on job satisfaction, job commitment, and turnover of variations in rewards, costs, alternatives, and investments”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 68, No. 3, 429-438.
  • Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H ve Müller H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of-fit measures, Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8 (2), 23-74.
  • Schumacker, R. E. ve Lomax, R. G. (2004). A Beginner's Guide To Structural Equation Modeling, Second Edition. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Schweizer, K. (2014). On the Ways of Investigating the Discriminant Validity of a Scale in Giving Special Emphasis to Estimation Problems When Investigating Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 56(1), 45-59.
  • Sekaran, U. (1992). Research Methods For Business, Canada: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.
  • Smith M. (1976) Measurement of personality traits and their relation to patient satisfaction with complete dentures. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.;35(5):492-503. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3913(76)90043-3. PMID: 775057.
  • Smith, K., Davis, M., Malone, C. F., & Owens-Jackson, L. A. (2020). Faculty That Look Like Me: An Examination of HBCU Accounting Faculty Motivation and Job Satisfaction. Available at SSRN 3744399.
  • Smith, P. C.,Kendall, L., and Hulin, C. L. (1969). The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement, Chicago: Rand Mcnally.
  • Söyler S. (2018) Sağlık alışanlarının Maruz Kaldıkları İş Stresi ile İş Doyumu İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Bir meta-Analiz alışması. Online Türk Sağlık Bilim Derg.;3(4):190– 205.
  • Spector, P. E. (1985). “Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey”, American Journal of Community Psychology, 13, 693-713.
  • Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA.:Sage.
  • Stajkovic, A.D., Luthans, F. (1998). Self-efficacy and work-related performance: a metaanalysis. Psychol. Bull. 124 (2), 240–261.
  • Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach, Multivariate Behavioural Research, 25, 173-180.
  • Stieler, M. (2017). Creating Marketing Magic and Innovative Future Marketing Trends. Bayreuth: Springer.
  • Suprapto, S., Lalla, N. N., Mulat, T. C., & Arda, D. (2023). Human resource development and job satisfaction among nurses. Int. J. Public Health, 12(3), 1056-1063.
  • Susanto, P., Hoque, M. E., Jannat, T., Emely, B., Zona, M. A., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Work-life balance, job satisfaction, and job performance of smes employees: the moderating role of family-supportive supervisor behaviors.. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906876
  • Şimşir, İ., Seyran, F., (2020), İş tatmininin önemi ve etkileri, Meyad Akademi, Cilt:1 Sayı:1 Yıl:2020 Sayfa:25-42
  • Tatlıcıoğlu, O., Kılıç, A., Apak, H. & Koçak O. (2024). How Job Satisfaction Is Associated with Psychological Well-Being among Social Workers in Turkey: The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life. Journal of Social Service Research 50:1, 92-106.
  • Tezbaşaran, A. (1996). Likert Tipi Ölçek Geliştirme Kılavuzu, Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları. Ankara.
  • Unterrainer, C., Jeppesen, H., & Jønsson, T. (2013). Different forms of job satisfaction does job satisfaction mean satisfied employees?. Psyke & Logos, 34(2), 22. https://doi.org/10.7146/pl.v34i2.16628
  • Urbina, S. (2014). Temel Test Kuramı ve Uygulamaları (Çeviri Editörleri: Özkan, T., Demirhan, Y. ve Bıkmaz, F.). Pegem Akademi. Ankara.
  • Vitell, S. J. ve Davis, D. L. (1990). “The relationship between ethics and job satisfaction: An empirical investigation”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 9, No.6, 489 - 494.
  • Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and Motivation. New York: Wiley.
  • Walga, T. (2018). job satisfaction and satisfaction with work-life balance across cultures. Journal of Intercultural Management, 10(2), 159-179. https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2018-0013
  • Wang, G. ve Netemeyer, R. G. (2002). The Effects of Job Autonomy, Customer Demandingness, and Trait Competitiveness on Salesperson Learning, Self-Efficacy, and Performance, Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 30:3, 217-228.
  • Weiss, D. J.,Dawis, R. V. England, G. W. ve Lofquist, L. H. (1967). “Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire”, Vol.22, Minnesota Studies in Vocational Rehabilition, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, Industrial Relations Center.
  • Westen, D. ve Rosenthal R. (2003). Quantifying construct validity: Two simple measures, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84 (3), 608-618.
  • Yang, S. Y., Chen, S. C., Lee, L., & Liu, Y. S. (2021). Employee stress, job satisfaction, and job performance: a comparison between high-technology and traditional industry in Taiwan. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 605-618.
  • Yılmaz, S., & Çağatay, A. (2023). Sağlık Çalışanlarının İş Tatmini ve İş Performansı Ekseninde İş-Aile Çatışması. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 165-178.
  • Yücekaya, P., & Dönmez Polat, D. (2020). Örgüt kültürü, örgütsel adalet ve iş tatmini ilişkisi üzerine bir araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12, 1267-1284.

JOB SATISFACTION: A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 112 - 134, 26.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.54969/abuijss.1440762

Öz

In this study, a "Job Satisfaction Scale" has been developed to determine the characteristics of job satisfaction in businesses/institutions operating in all sectors and to measure job satisfaction using a reliable and valid measurement tool based on scientific methods. The research was conducted using data obtained from three different sample groups: health, banking/finance sector, and universities. A draft scale consisting of 17 items prepared in a 5-point Likert scale format was used as the data collection tool by the study group. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software programs. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses (CFA and EFA) were conducted for validity and reliability studies. According to the analysis findings, the "Job Satisfaction Scale" consists of two sub-dimensions and 13 statements. Additionally, reliability analyses indicate that the scale is highly reliable. It is believed that the "Job Satisfaction Scale," with its two-dimensional structure named "Internal Satisfaction" and "External Satisfaction," will meet an important need in determining and measuring employees' job satisfaction in future research, thus filling this gap in the field. The scale items are presented in both English and Turkish at the end of the study.

Kaynakça

  • Ackfeld, A.L.,Coote, L. V. (2005). “A Study of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in a Retail Setting”, Journal of Business Research (58): 151-159.
  • Ain, N. U., Azeem, M. U., Haq, I. U., & Mehmood, I. (2023). When does knowledge hiding hinder employees’ job performance? the roles of emotional exhaustion and emotional intelligence. Knowledge Management Research &Amp; Practice, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2023.2297972
  • Almuayad, K. M., & Chen, Y. (2024). Effect of Knowledge Management on Employee Job Performance in Yemeni Banking Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-30.
  • Aung, Z. M., San Santoso, D., & Dodanwala, T. C. (2023). Effects of demotivational managerial practices on job satisfaction and job performance: Empirical evidence from Myanmar’s construction industry. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 67, 101730.
  • Avey, J., Avolio, B., Luthans, F. (2011). Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. Leadersh. Q. 22 (2), 282–294.
  • Aydoğmuş, C. (2023). Bilinçli farkındalık ile örgütsel çıktılar (iş tatmini, iş performansı ve işten ayrılma niyeti) ilişkisi: Duygusal zekânın aracı rolü. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 11(1), 31-47.
  • Bacharach, S. B.,Bamberger, P. ve Conley, S. (1991). “Work-home conflict among nurses and engineers: Mediating the impact of role stress on burnout and satisfaction at work”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12, 39-53.
  • Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill's handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (3rd ed.). Free Press.
  • Bayık, M. ve Gürbüz, S., (2016). Ölçek uyarlamada metodoloji sorunu: yönetim ve örgüt alanında uyarlanan ölçekler üzerinden bir araştırma, The Journal of Human and Work, Volume 3(1), 1-20.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2006). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi: İstatistik, Araştırma Deseni SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık. Byrne, B. M. (1994). Structural Equation Modeling With EQS and EQS/Windows. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Camelie, N. P., Karyatun, S., & Digdowiseiso, K. (2023). Analysis of Work Motivation, Work Discipline, Job Satisfaction and Job Loyalty to Employee Performance of PT. Matahari Department Store East Jakarta. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 4(4), 679-693.
  • Cammann, C.,Fichman, M., Jenkins, Jr, G. D., ve Klesh, J. R. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. In S.E.Seashore, E.E. Lawler, P.H. Mirvis, & C.Cammann (Eds.) Assessing Organizational Change. New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Cellucci, A. J. ve DeVries, D. L. (1978). Measuring managerial satisfaction: A manual for the MJSQ. Greensboro, N.C: Center for Creative Leadership.
  • Choi, M. J., Koo, J., & Fortune, A. E. (2021). Predictors of job satisfaction among new MSWs: The role of organizational factors. Journal of Social Service Research, 47(4), 458–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2020.1830920
  • Churchill, G. A. Jr., Ford, N. M. ve Walker, O.C. (1974). “Measuring the Job Satisfaction of Industrial Salesman”, Journal of Marketing Research, 11, 254- 260.
  • Comer, J. (1989). “Psychometric assessment of a reduced version of INDSALES”, Journal of Business Research, Vol.18, No.4, 291-302.
  • Cropanzano, R., Nadisic, T., Kirk, J. F., & Shankland, R. (2024). The relationship of overall justice to flourishing and job performance: the moderating role of materialism. Social Justice Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-024-00430-4
  • Çalışkan A, Bekmezci M. (2019). Aşırı İş Yükünün İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde İş Tatmini ve Yaşam Tatminin Rolü, Sağlık Kurumu alışanları Örneği. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sos Bilim Enstitüsü Derg.;(March):381–431.
  • Çalışkan, A. (2019). Değişime Direnç: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24, (2), 237-252.
  • Çalışkan, A. (2021). Örgütsel Güven. Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1): 42-59.
  • Çalışkan, A. (2022). Örgütsel Etik İklimi: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(1), 34-54. https://doi.org/10.29131/uiibd.1118411
  • Çalışkan, A., & Köroğlu, E. Ö. (2022). Job Performance, Task Performance, Contextual Performance: Development And Valıdatıon Of A New Scale. Uluslararası İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 180-201. https://doi.org/10.29131/uiibd.1201880
  • Çalışkan, A., Akkoç, İ. ve Turunç, Ö. (2019). Yenilikçi Davranış: Bir Ölçek Uyarlama Çalışması. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 5 (1), 94-111. https://doi.org/10.29131/uiibd.562196
  • Davidescu, A. A., Apostu, S. A., Paul, A., & Casuneanu, I. (2020). Work flexibility, job satisfaction, and job performance among Romanian employees—Implications for sustainable human resource management. Sustainability, 12(15), 6086.
  • De Vellis, R. F. (2003). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (2nd ed., Vol. 26). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum.
  • Diener, Ed; Ulrich Schimmack ve Shigehiro Oishi. (2002). “Life-Satisfaction Is a Momentary Judgment and a Stable Personality Characteristic: The Use of Chronically Accessible and Stable Sources” Journal of Personality, Vol 70, No 3, 345–384.
  • Dodanwala, T. C., Santoso, D. S., & Yukongdi, V. (2023). Examining work role stressors, job satisfaction, job stress, and turnover intention of Sri Lanka’s construction industry. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(15), 2583-2592.
  • Ercan İ ve Kan İ. (2004). Ölçeklerde güvenirlik ve geçerlik, Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(3):211-216. Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Fütterer, T., van Waveren, L., Hübner, N., Fischer, C., & Sälzer, C. (2023). I can't get no (job) satisfaction? Differences in teachers' job satisfaction from a career pathways perspective. Teaching and Teacher Education, 121, 103942.
  • Genedy, M., Hellerstedt, K., Naldi, L., & Wiklund, J. (2024). Growing pains in scale-ups: how scaling affects new venture employee burnout and job satisfaction. Journal of Business Venturing, 39(2), 106367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106367
  • George, E, Zakkariya, K. A. (2018). Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector. Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector. 1–184.
  • George, J. M., & Jones, G. R. (1996). The experience of work and turnover intentions: Interactive effects of value attainment, job satisfaction, and positive mood. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(3), 318–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.3.318
  • Gollagari, R., Birega, T., & Mishra, S. S. (2024). Organizational justice, job satisfaction and academic rank: a moderating mediation study on employee commitment in ethiopian public universities. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2023-0047
  • Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (1984). Job insecurity: Toward conceptual clarity. Academy of Management Review, 9(3), 438-448.
  • Günbayı, İ., (2000). Örgütlerde İş Doyumu ve Güdüleme, Özen Yayıncılık, Ankara Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri (5. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Hackman, J.R.,Oldham, G.R. (1975). ”Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey”, Journal Of Applied Psychology, Vol. 60, No. 2, 159 170.
  • Hair, J. F. J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, Seventh Edition Prentice Hall.
  • Hartika, A., Fitridiani, M., & Asbari, M. (2023). The Effect of Job Satisfaction and Job Loyalty on Employee Performance: A Narrative Literature Review. Journal of Information Systems and Management (JISMA), 2(3), 9-15.
  • Harvey Mary Ellen O’Grady (2000). “The Impact of Organizational Ethical Climate and Ethical Ideology on the Propensity to Create Budgetary Slack and Job Satisfaction”, Nova Southeastern University, Doctor of Business Administration.
  • Herzberg, F. (1968). One more time: How do you motivate employees? Harvard Business Review, 46(1), 53-62. James, L. R., & Jones, A. P. (1980). Perceived job characteristics and job satisfaction: An examination of reciprocal causation. Personnel Psycholog, 33, 97-135.
  • Jones, E.,Chonko, L., Rangarajan, D. ve Roberts, J. (2007). “The role of overload on job attitudes, turnover intentions, and sales person performance”, Journal of Business Research, 60, 663-671.
  • Judge, T. A., Piccolo, R. F., Podsakoff, N. P., Shaw, J. C., & Rich, B. L. (2010). The relationship between pay and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis of the literature. Journal of vocational behavior, 77(2), 157-167.
  • Judge, T. A.,Parker, S. K., Colbert, A. E., Heller, D., veIlies, R. (2001). “Job satisfaction: A cross-cultural review”. In N. Anderson, D. S. Ones, H. K. Sinangil,ve C. Viswesvaran (Eds.), Handbook of industrial, work, and organizational psychology (25-52). London, UK: Sage
  • Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263-291.
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika. 39 (1): 31–36.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). Faktör analizi. SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri, Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Kartal, M., & Bardakçi, S. (2018). SPSS ve AMOS uygulamalı örneklerle güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri. Akademisyen Kitabevi.
  • Katebi, A., HajiZadeh, M. H., Bordbar, A., & Salehi, A. M. (2022). The relationship between “job satisfaction” and “job performance”: A meta-analysis. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 23(1), 21-42.
  • Kinicki, A. J.,Mckee-Ryan, F. M., Schriesheim, C. A., ve Carson, K. P. (2002). “Assessing the construct validity of the Job Descriptive Index: A review and meta-analysis”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87 , 14 – 32.
  • Klussman, K., Nichols, A., & Langer, J. (2021). meaning, purpose, and job satisfaction. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 20(2), 97-101. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000268
  • Knoop, R. (1995). Influence of participative decision-making on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of school principals. Psychological Reports, 76, 379-382.
  • Lawrence, S. K. (2003). “An Examination of the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave Among Specialty Sales Representatives in a Major Pharmaceutical Organization”, Degree Doctor of Philosophy, Capella University.
  • Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (1297-1349).
  • Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). A theory of goal setting & task performance. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
  • Martins, H. ve T. Proença. (2012). “Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire-Psychometric Properties and Validation in a Population of Portuguese Hospital Workers”. FEB Working Papers.1-20.
  • Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational commitment. Psychological bulletin, 108(2), 171.
  • Meydan, C. ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara. Meyers, L.S., Gamst, G. C. ve Guarino, C. (2005). Applied Multivariate Research: Design and Interpretation‖, SAGE Publications. ISBN-13: 978-1412904124.
  • Negri, L., Cilia, S., Falautano, M., Grobberio, M., Niccolai, C., Pattini, M., … & Bassi, M. (2021). job satisfaction among physicians and nurses involved in the management of multiple sclerosis: the role of happiness and meaning at work. Neurological Sciences, 43(3), 1903-1910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05520-8
  • Noe, R. A. (1986). Trainings in organizations: Needs assessment, development, and evaluation. Brooks/Cole. Ocak, M. (2020). Amos İle Adım Adım Yapısal Eşitlik Uygulamaları, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Özpehlivan, M. ( 2018). İş Tatmini: Kavramsal Gelişimi , Bireysel ve Örgütsel Etkileri , Yararları ve Sonuçları. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sos Bilim Derg.;2(2):43–70.
  • Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), 577-588.
  • Pekkan, N. Ü. ve Çalışkan, A. (2020). Yaratıcı Takım İklimi Ölçeği: Türkçe’ ye Uyarlama, Geçerlilik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Y: 19, S: 39, 1007-1021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.768433
  • Peters, T. J., & Waterman, R. H. (1982). In search of excellence: Lessons from America's best-run companies. Harper & Row.
  • Putra, A. S. B., Kusumawati, E. D., & Kartikasari, D. (2024). Psychological empowerment and psychological well-being as job performance mediators. Journal of Business Management and Economic Development, 2(01), 127-141. https://doi.org/10.59653/jbmed.v2i01.372
  • Rabinowitz, W., Falkenbach, K., Travers, J. R., Valentine, C. G., & Weener, P. (1983). Worker Motivation: Unsolved Problem or Untapped Resource? California Management Review, 25(2), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165004
  • Rathi, S. R., & Islam, A. (2024). Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Job Performance among Bankers: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Indian Psychȯlogy, 12(1).
  • Riyadi, S. (2020). The Influence of Leadership Style, Individual Characteristics and Organisational Climate on Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Performance. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 13(7), 662-677.
  • Robert, C. (2023). Humor and job satisfaction. Current opinion in psychology, 101721.
  • Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of the investment model. Journal of experimental social psychology, 16(2), 172-186.
  • Rusbult, C. E., ve Farrell, D. (1983). “A longitudinal test of the investment model: The impact on job satisfaction, job commitment, and turnover of variations in rewards, costs, alternatives, and investments”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 68, No. 3, 429-438.
  • Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H ve Müller H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness of-fit measures, Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8 (2), 23-74.
  • Schumacker, R. E. ve Lomax, R. G. (2004). A Beginner's Guide To Structural Equation Modeling, Second Edition. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Schweizer, K. (2014). On the Ways of Investigating the Discriminant Validity of a Scale in Giving Special Emphasis to Estimation Problems When Investigating Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 56(1), 45-59.
  • Sekaran, U. (1992). Research Methods For Business, Canada: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.
  • Smith M. (1976) Measurement of personality traits and their relation to patient satisfaction with complete dentures. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.;35(5):492-503. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3913(76)90043-3. PMID: 775057.
  • Smith, K., Davis, M., Malone, C. F., & Owens-Jackson, L. A. (2020). Faculty That Look Like Me: An Examination of HBCU Accounting Faculty Motivation and Job Satisfaction. Available at SSRN 3744399.
  • Smith, P. C.,Kendall, L., and Hulin, C. L. (1969). The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement, Chicago: Rand Mcnally.
  • Söyler S. (2018) Sağlık alışanlarının Maruz Kaldıkları İş Stresi ile İş Doyumu İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Bir meta-Analiz alışması. Online Türk Sağlık Bilim Derg.;3(4):190– 205.
  • Spector, P. E. (1985). “Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey”, American Journal of Community Psychology, 13, 693-713.
  • Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA.:Sage.
  • Stajkovic, A.D., Luthans, F. (1998). Self-efficacy and work-related performance: a metaanalysis. Psychol. Bull. 124 (2), 240–261.
  • Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach, Multivariate Behavioural Research, 25, 173-180.
  • Stieler, M. (2017). Creating Marketing Magic and Innovative Future Marketing Trends. Bayreuth: Springer.
  • Suprapto, S., Lalla, N. N., Mulat, T. C., & Arda, D. (2023). Human resource development and job satisfaction among nurses. Int. J. Public Health, 12(3), 1056-1063.
  • Susanto, P., Hoque, M. E., Jannat, T., Emely, B., Zona, M. A., & Islam, M. A. (2022). Work-life balance, job satisfaction, and job performance of smes employees: the moderating role of family-supportive supervisor behaviors.. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906876
  • Şimşir, İ., Seyran, F., (2020), İş tatmininin önemi ve etkileri, Meyad Akademi, Cilt:1 Sayı:1 Yıl:2020 Sayfa:25-42
  • Tatlıcıoğlu, O., Kılıç, A., Apak, H. & Koçak O. (2024). How Job Satisfaction Is Associated with Psychological Well-Being among Social Workers in Turkey: The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life. Journal of Social Service Research 50:1, 92-106.
  • Tezbaşaran, A. (1996). Likert Tipi Ölçek Geliştirme Kılavuzu, Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları. Ankara.
  • Unterrainer, C., Jeppesen, H., & Jønsson, T. (2013). Different forms of job satisfaction does job satisfaction mean satisfied employees?. Psyke & Logos, 34(2), 22. https://doi.org/10.7146/pl.v34i2.16628
  • Urbina, S. (2014). Temel Test Kuramı ve Uygulamaları (Çeviri Editörleri: Özkan, T., Demirhan, Y. ve Bıkmaz, F.). Pegem Akademi. Ankara.
  • Vitell, S. J. ve Davis, D. L. (1990). “The relationship between ethics and job satisfaction: An empirical investigation”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 9, No.6, 489 - 494.
  • Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and Motivation. New York: Wiley.
  • Walga, T. (2018). job satisfaction and satisfaction with work-life balance across cultures. Journal of Intercultural Management, 10(2), 159-179. https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2018-0013
  • Wang, G. ve Netemeyer, R. G. (2002). The Effects of Job Autonomy, Customer Demandingness, and Trait Competitiveness on Salesperson Learning, Self-Efficacy, and Performance, Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science, 30:3, 217-228.
  • Weiss, D. J.,Dawis, R. V. England, G. W. ve Lofquist, L. H. (1967). “Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire”, Vol.22, Minnesota Studies in Vocational Rehabilition, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, Industrial Relations Center.
  • Westen, D. ve Rosenthal R. (2003). Quantifying construct validity: Two simple measures, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84 (3), 608-618.
  • Yang, S. Y., Chen, S. C., Lee, L., & Liu, Y. S. (2021). Employee stress, job satisfaction, and job performance: a comparison between high-technology and traditional industry in Taiwan. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 605-618.
  • Yılmaz, S., & Çağatay, A. (2023). Sağlık Çalışanlarının İş Tatmini ve İş Performansı Ekseninde İş-Aile Çatışması. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 165-178.
  • Yücekaya, P., & Dönmez Polat, D. (2020). Örgüt kültürü, örgütsel adalet ve iş tatmini ilişkisi üzerine bir araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12, 1267-1284.
Toplam 99 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Demografi (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Abdullah Çalışkan 0000-0001-5746-8550

Emine Özlem Köroğlu 0000-0001-6710-3790

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Şubat 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi 25 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çalışkan, A., & Köroğlu, E. Ö. (2024). JOB SATISFACTION: A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY. Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(2), 112-134. https://doi.org/10.54969/abuijss.1440762

Aday makaleler akademik intihal engelleme programından (Örneğin:Turnitin, Ithenticate, intihal.net vb.) alınmış orijinallik raporu ile birlikte gönderilmelidir. Bu oran %25'ye kadar kabul edilmektedir. %25 nin üzerinde benzerlik oranı olan çalışmalar ön kontrol aşamasında iade edilecektir.