Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı turizm destinasyonlarında yerel girişimcilik
faaliyetlerinin değerlendirilmesi ve paydaşların yerel girişimcilere yönelik
düşüncelerinin tespit edilmeye çalışılmasıdır. Çalışmanın turizm
faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştiği destinasyonlarda paydaşların, yerel girişimcilere
bakış açısını tespit etmesinin yanı sıra yerel girişimcilik ile turizmin
ilişkisini ortaya koyması bakımından yazına katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Araştırma kapsamında kültür turizmi, inanç turizmi ve termal turizmi gibi
alanlarda turizm faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştirildiği Bolu’nun Mudurnu ilçesinde
yerel turizm paydaşlarının konu ile ilgili görüşleri alınmıştır. Nitel
araştırma modelinin kullanıldığı çalışmada verilerin toplanması için görüşme
tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada yerel girişimcilerin gerçekleştirdikleri
girişimlerin bölgesel kalkınmada oldukça önemli olduğu, teşvik ve desteklerle
yerel girişimcilere destek olunması gerektiği ve yerel halkın yeni girişimlerde
bulunulması için farkındalık yaratacak eğitimler verilmesi gerektiği sonuçlarına
ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda destinasyon politika
planlayıcılarına ve turizm işletmelerine öneriler sunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Adiyia, B., De Rademaeker, S., Vanneste, D., ve Ahebwa, W. M. (2017) “Understanding Local Entrepreneurship and Small Enterprises in The Tourism–Development Nexus: The Case of Western Uganda”, Development Southern Africa, 34(1): 105-120.
- Ateljevic, I., ve Doorne, S. (2000) “'Staying Within the Fence': Lifestyle Entrepreneurship in Tourism”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(5): 378-392.
- Ateljevic, I., ve Doorne, S. (2003) “Unpacking the Local: A Cultural Analysis of Tourism Entrepreneurship in Murter, Croatia”, Tourism Geographies: 5(2): 123-150.
- Creswell, J. W. (2016) “Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri Beş Yaklaşıma Göre Nitel Araştırma ve Araştırma Deseni”, 3. Baskı, Çev. T. Özsevgenç, Ankara: Siyasal Kitapevi.
- Crnogaj, K., Rebernik, M., Bradac Hojnik, B. ve Omerzel Gomezelj, D. (2014) “Building A Model of Researching the Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the Tourism Sector”, Kybernetes, 43(3/4): 377-393.
- Denzin, N. K. ve Lincoln, Y. S. (2011) “Introduction: The Discipline and Practice of Quantative Research. The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, 4th Edition, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Dewhurst, P. ve Horobin, H. (1998) “Small Business Owners”, R. Thomas (eds.) The Management of Small Tourism and Hospitality Firms, London: Cassell.
- Din, K. (1992) “The ‘‘Involvement Stage’’ in the Evolution of a Tourist Destination”, Tourism Recreation Research, 17: 10–20.
- Ersoy, H. (2010) “Kültürel Çevrenin Girişimcilik Tercihine Etkisi”, Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1): 71-77.
- Gartner, W. (1999) “Small Scale Enterprises in The Tourism Industry in Ghana’s Central Region”. D. G. Pearce and R. W. Butler (Eds.), Contemporary Issues in Tourism Development, London: Routledge.
- Jaafar, M., Dahalan, N. ve Rosdi, S. A. M. (2014) “Local Community Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of the Lenggong Valley”, Asian Social Science, 10(10): 226-235.
- Kaspar, C. (1989) “The Significance of Enterprise Culture for Tourism Enterprises”, The Tourist Review 44(3): 2-4.
- Kibedi, G. (1979) “Development of Tourism Entrepreneurs in Canada”, The Tourist Review 34(2): 9-11.
- Koh, K. (1996) “The Tourism Entrepreneurial Process: A Conceptualisation and Implications for Research and Development”, The Tourist Review, 51(4): 24-41.
- Kokkranikal, J. ve Morrison A. (2002) “Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Tourism: The Houseboats of Kerala”, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4: 7-20.
- Lordkipanidze, M., Brezet, H. ve Backman, M. (2005) “The Entrepreneurship Factor in Sustainable Tourism Development”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(8): 787-798.
- Moscardo, G. (2014) “Tourism and Community Leadership in Rural Regions: Linking Mobility, Entrepreneurship, Tourism Development and Community Well-Being”, Tourism Planning & Development, 11(3): 354-370.
- McKercher, B. (1999) “A Chaos Approach to Tourism”, Tourism Management, 20: 425-434.
- Merriam, S. B. (2015). “Nitel Araştırma Desen ve Uygulama Içeren Bir Rehber”, Çev. S. Turan, 3. Baskıdan Çeviri, Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
- Miles, B. M. ve Huberman, A. M. (1994) “Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Source Book”, California: Sage.
- Patton, M. Q. (2002) “Chialitative Research and Evaluation Methods”, 3rd Edition, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Russell, R. ve Faulkner, B. (2004) “Entrepreneurship, Chaos and the Tourism Area Lifecycle”, Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3): 556-579.
- Stewart, C. J. ve Cash, W. B. (1985) “Interviewing: Principles and Practices”, 4th Edition Dubuque, IO. Wm. C. Brown Pub.
- Sofield, T. (1993) “Indigenous Tourism Development”, Annals of Tourism Research, 20: 729-750.
- Tetzschner, H., ve Herlau, H. (2003) “Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship in Tourism A Potential for Local Business Development”, (No. 49). Working Paper, Department of Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark.
- Van Maanen, J. (1979) “Reclaiming Qualitative Methods for Organizational Research: A Preface”, Administrative Science Chiarterly, 24(4): 520-526.
- Williams, A. M., Shaw, G. ve Greenwood, J. (1989) “From Tourist to Tourism Entrepreneur, from Consumption to Production: Evidence from Cornwall, England”, Environment and Planning A (21): 1639-1653.
- Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2016) “Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri”, 10. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Öz
The entrepreneurial activities of local
people have a key role in the development of regional tourism and the growth of
the regional economy. The aim of this study is to evaluate local
entrepreneurial activities in tourism destinations and to try to identify
stakeholders' thoughts towards local entrepreneurs. It is thought that the
stakeholders in the tourism activities of the workshop will provide
contributions to the literature in terms of
determining the thought of the local
entrepreneurs as well as revealing the relationship between local entrepreneurship
and tourism. Within the scope of the research, the opinions of the local
tourism stakeholders were taken in Mudurnu district of Bolu where tourism
activities were carried out in areas such as cultural tourism, religious
tourism and thermal tourism. In the study using the
qualitative research model data were collected via interview technique. The survey found that
initiatives undertaken by local entrepreneurs are very important in regional
development, that local entrepreneurs should be supported with
encouragement and support, and that local people should be given training to
raise awareness about new initiatives. Suggestions to destination policy
planners and tourism enterprises are presented in line with the results
obtained.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Adiyia, B., De Rademaeker, S., Vanneste, D., ve Ahebwa, W. M. (2017) “Understanding Local Entrepreneurship and Small Enterprises in The Tourism–Development Nexus: The Case of Western Uganda”, Development Southern Africa, 34(1): 105-120.
- Ateljevic, I., ve Doorne, S. (2000) “'Staying Within the Fence': Lifestyle Entrepreneurship in Tourism”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(5): 378-392.
- Ateljevic, I., ve Doorne, S. (2003) “Unpacking the Local: A Cultural Analysis of Tourism Entrepreneurship in Murter, Croatia”, Tourism Geographies: 5(2): 123-150.
- Creswell, J. W. (2016) “Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri Beş Yaklaşıma Göre Nitel Araştırma ve Araştırma Deseni”, 3. Baskı, Çev. T. Özsevgenç, Ankara: Siyasal Kitapevi.
- Crnogaj, K., Rebernik, M., Bradac Hojnik, B. ve Omerzel Gomezelj, D. (2014) “Building A Model of Researching the Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the Tourism Sector”, Kybernetes, 43(3/4): 377-393.
- Denzin, N. K. ve Lincoln, Y. S. (2011) “Introduction: The Discipline and Practice of Quantative Research. The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, 4th Edition, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Dewhurst, P. ve Horobin, H. (1998) “Small Business Owners”, R. Thomas (eds.) The Management of Small Tourism and Hospitality Firms, London: Cassell.
- Din, K. (1992) “The ‘‘Involvement Stage’’ in the Evolution of a Tourist Destination”, Tourism Recreation Research, 17: 10–20.
- Ersoy, H. (2010) “Kültürel Çevrenin Girişimcilik Tercihine Etkisi”, Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1): 71-77.
- Gartner, W. (1999) “Small Scale Enterprises in The Tourism Industry in Ghana’s Central Region”. D. G. Pearce and R. W. Butler (Eds.), Contemporary Issues in Tourism Development, London: Routledge.
- Jaafar, M., Dahalan, N. ve Rosdi, S. A. M. (2014) “Local Community Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of the Lenggong Valley”, Asian Social Science, 10(10): 226-235.
- Kaspar, C. (1989) “The Significance of Enterprise Culture for Tourism Enterprises”, The Tourist Review 44(3): 2-4.
- Kibedi, G. (1979) “Development of Tourism Entrepreneurs in Canada”, The Tourist Review 34(2): 9-11.
- Koh, K. (1996) “The Tourism Entrepreneurial Process: A Conceptualisation and Implications for Research and Development”, The Tourist Review, 51(4): 24-41.
- Kokkranikal, J. ve Morrison A. (2002) “Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Tourism: The Houseboats of Kerala”, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4: 7-20.
- Lordkipanidze, M., Brezet, H. ve Backman, M. (2005) “The Entrepreneurship Factor in Sustainable Tourism Development”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(8): 787-798.
- Moscardo, G. (2014) “Tourism and Community Leadership in Rural Regions: Linking Mobility, Entrepreneurship, Tourism Development and Community Well-Being”, Tourism Planning & Development, 11(3): 354-370.
- McKercher, B. (1999) “A Chaos Approach to Tourism”, Tourism Management, 20: 425-434.
- Merriam, S. B. (2015). “Nitel Araştırma Desen ve Uygulama Içeren Bir Rehber”, Çev. S. Turan, 3. Baskıdan Çeviri, Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
- Miles, B. M. ve Huberman, A. M. (1994) “Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Source Book”, California: Sage.
- Patton, M. Q. (2002) “Chialitative Research and Evaluation Methods”, 3rd Edition, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Russell, R. ve Faulkner, B. (2004) “Entrepreneurship, Chaos and the Tourism Area Lifecycle”, Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3): 556-579.
- Stewart, C. J. ve Cash, W. B. (1985) “Interviewing: Principles and Practices”, 4th Edition Dubuque, IO. Wm. C. Brown Pub.
- Sofield, T. (1993) “Indigenous Tourism Development”, Annals of Tourism Research, 20: 729-750.
- Tetzschner, H., ve Herlau, H. (2003) “Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship in Tourism A Potential for Local Business Development”, (No. 49). Working Paper, Department of Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark.
- Van Maanen, J. (1979) “Reclaiming Qualitative Methods for Organizational Research: A Preface”, Administrative Science Chiarterly, 24(4): 520-526.
- Williams, A. M., Shaw, G. ve Greenwood, J. (1989) “From Tourist to Tourism Entrepreneur, from Consumption to Production: Evidence from Cornwall, England”, Environment and Planning A (21): 1639-1653.
- Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2016) “Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri”, 10. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 24 Aralık 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1 |