Araştırma Makalesi
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ULUSLARARASILAŞMA STRATEJİLERİNİN KEŞFİ: GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKEDEN BİR VAKA ANALİZİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 22, 29.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.54993/syad.1435287

Öz

Bu makale, gelişmekte olan ülkelerden olan firmaların uluslararasılaşma süreçlerini araştırmak için vaka çalışması yaklaşımını kullanmakta ve kavramsal çerçeve olarak Paul & Mas (2019) tarafından önerilen yedi teorik önermeyi ele almaktadır. Bu teorik çerçeve uluslararası pazarlama stratejilerini analiz etmek için uygulanarak bu alandaki mevcut literatürü zenginleştirmektedir. Ayrıca bu bağlamda incelendiğinde, literatürde, Türkiye menşeili bir firmaya odaklanan bir çalışmaya bulunmadığı için bu araştırma bir ilk olma özelliğine sahiptir. Araştırma bir vaka çalışması olarak tasarlanmış olup, Getir firması tarafından yayınlanan resmî duyurulardan, arşivlerden ve haber kaynaklarından toplanan nitel verilere dayanarak yedi önermeye göre firmanın durumunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuçlara göre, bu vaka çalışmasında potansiyel ve desen kavramlarına dair yeterli kanıt bulunmamaktadır. Süreç ve hız kavramlarına ilişkin önermeler ise Paul & Mas (2019)’un iddia ettiğinden farklı bir şekilde ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Barnard, H. (2021). Host countries’ level of development and internationalization from emerging markets: A typology of firm strategies. Journal of International Management, 27(3), 100828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100828
  • BloombergHT. (2021, November 23). Getir İngiltere’de şirket alıyor. Getir İngiltere’de Şirket Alıyor. https://www.bloomberght.com/getir-ingilterede-sirket-aliyor-2292660
  • Cao, M., & Alon, I. (2021). Overcoming the liability of foreignness – A new perspective on Chinese MNCs. Journal of Business Research, 128, 611–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.11.017
  • Cavusgil, S. T., & Knight, G. (2015). The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.62
  • Costa, E., Soares, A. L., & De Sousa, J. P. (2016). Information, knowledge and collaboration management in the internationalisation of SMEs: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Information Management, 36(4), 557–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.03.007
  • Coviello, N. (2015). Re-thinking research on born globals. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.59
  • Coviello, N. E., & Munro, H. J. (1995). Growing the entrepreneurial firm: Networking for internationalmarket development. European Journal of Marketing, 29(7), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090569510095008
  • Dahlquist, S. H., & Griffith, D. A. (2015). A framework for the formation of governance portfolios in international interfirm marketing collaborations. AMS Review, 5(1–2), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13162-015-0065-9
  • Dang, Q. T., Jasovska, P., & Rammal, H. G. (2020). International business-government relations: The risk management strategies of MNEs in emerging economies. Journal of World Business, 55(1), 101042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2019.101042
  • Dunning, J. (1988). The Eclectıc Paradıgm Of Internatıonal Productıon: A Restatement and Some Possıble Extensıons. Journal of International Business Studies.
  • Dunning, J. H. (1995). Reappraısıng The Eclectıc Paradıgm In An Age Of Allıance Capıtalısm. Journal of International Business Studies., 26.
  • Dunning, J. H. (2001). The Eclectic (OLI) Paradigm of International Production: Past, Present and Future. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 8(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571510110051441
  • Dunning, J. H., Pak, Y. S., & Beldona, S. (2007). Foreign ownership strategies of UK and US international franchisors: An exploratory application of Dunning’s envelope paradigm. International Business Review, 16(5), 531–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2007.01.005
  • Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building Theories from Case Study Research.
  • Erdilek, A. (2008). Internationalization of Turkish MNEs. Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 744–760. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810883634
  • Girişim Haberleri. (2021, January 28). Getir, Londra’da Hizmet Vermeye Başladı! https://www.girisimhaberleri.com/getir-londrada-hizmet-vermeye-basladi/
  • Hakkımızda. (2024, January 5). Hakkımızda. https://getir.com/hakkimizda/
  • Halaç, M. (2022, May 8). Getir’in İlk Fiziksel Süpermarketi Hollanda’da Açıldı. https://www.girisimhaberleri.com/getir-fiziksel-market/
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. (1990). The Mechanism of Internationalisation. International Marketing Review, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339010137414
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. E. (1977). The Internatıonalızatıon Process of The Firm-A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments. Journal of International Business Studies.
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (2003). Business Relationship Learning and Commitment in the Internationalization Process. Journal of International Entreprenuership, 83–101.
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (2006). Commitment and opportunity development in the internationalization process: A note on the Uppsala internationalization process model. Management International Review, 46(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-006-0043-4
  • Karadeniz, E. E., & Göçer, K. (2007). Internationalization of small firms: A case study of Turkish small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises. European Business Review, 19(5), 387–403. https://doi.org/10.1108/09555340710818978
  • Katsikeas, C., Leonidou, L., & Zeriti, A. (2019). Revisiting international marketing strategy in a digital era: Opportunities, challenges, and research directions. International Marketing Review, 37(3), 405–424. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-02-2019-0080
  • Katsikeas, C. S., Samiee, S., & Theodosiou, M. (2006). Strategy fit and performance consequences of international marketing standardization. Strategic Management Journal, 27(9), 867–890. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.549
  • Kaya, H., & Erden, D. (2008). Firm‐specific capabilities and foreign direct investment activities of Turkish manufacturing firms: An empirical study. Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 761–777. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810883643
  • Khan, H. (2020). Is marketing agility important for emerging market firms in advanced markets? International Business Review, 29(5), 101733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2020.101733
  • Knight, G. A., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2004). Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(2), 124–141. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400071
  • Knight, G. A., & Liesch, P. W. (2002). Information internalisation in internationalising the firm. Journal of Business Research, 55(12), 981–995. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00375-2
  • Miller, S. R., Thomas, D. E., Eden, L., & Hitt, M. (2008). Knee Deep in the Big Muddy: The Survival of Emerging Market Firms in Developed Markets. Management International Review, 48(6), 645–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-008-0101-1
  • Oksijen. (2023, July 28). Getir, İspanya, İtalya ve Portekiz’den de çekiliyor. Gazete Oksijen. https://gazeteoksijen.com/ekonomi/getir-ispanya-italya-ve-portekizden-de-cekiliyor-184832#:~:text=G%C4%B1da%20da%C4%9F%C4%B1t%C4%B1m%20giri%C5%9Fimi%20Getir%20d%C3%BCn,ve%20Portekiz'den%20%C3%A7ekilece%C4%9Fini%20duyurdu.
  • Önder, N. (2022, May 17). Getir deposu Rotterdam’da sanat galerisine dönüştü! https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/getir-rotterdam/
  • Paul, J. (2019). Marketing in emerging markets: A review, theoretical synthesis and extension. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 15(3), 446–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-04-2017-0130
  • Paul, J. (2020). SCOPE framework for SMEs: A new theoretical lens for success and internationalization. European Management Journal, 38(2), 219–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.02.001
  • Paul, J., & Mas, E. (2019). Toward a 7-P framework for international marketing. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 28(8), 681–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2019.1569111
  • Penrose, E. T. (1959/1995). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
  • Petrou, A. P. (2015). Arbitrariness of corruption and foreign affiliate performance: A resource dependence perspective. Journal of World Business, 50(4), 826–837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.04.004
  • Piercy, N. F., Kaleka, A., & Katsikeas, C. S. (1998). Sources of Competitive Advantage in High performing Exporting Companies. Journal of World Business, 33(4).
  • Rana, S., Prashar, S., Barai, M. K., & Hamid, A. B. A. (2020). Determinants of international marketing strategy for emerging market multinationals. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 16(2), 154–178. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-09-2019-0742
  • Sahin, K., Tatoğlu, E., Mert, K., Kaplan, T., & Golgeci, I. (2022). Internationalization of Turkish business groups: Motives and institutional context. International Journal of Emerging Markets. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-06-2021-0974
  • Samant, S., Thakur-Wernz, P., & Hatfield, D. E. (2023). The impact of differences in internationalization processes on innovation by emerging economy firms. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 18(5), 1254–1281. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-11-2020-1331
  • Sanchez-Peinado, E., Pla-Barber, J., & Hébert, L. (2007). Strategic Variables that Influence Entry Mode Choice in Service Firms. Journal of International Marketing, 15(1), 67–91. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.15.1.067
  • Schofield, H. (2023, July 30). Getir Fransa’da kepenk kapattı. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/c51q0q91mvyo
  • Serim, M. (2020, January 15). Uluslararası Yatırımcıların Gözü Türk Girişimlerinde: Getir’e Yurt Dışından 38 Milyon Dolar. https://bigumigu.com/haber/uluslararasi-yatirimcilarin-gozu-turk-girisimlerinde-getire-yurt-disindan-38-milyon-dolar/
  • Sharkey, T. W., Lim, J.-S., & Kim, K. I. (1989). Export Development and Perceived Export Barriers: An Empirical Analysis of Small Firms. Management International Review, 29(2), 33–40.
  • Shoham, A., & Albaum, G. S. (1995). Reducing the Impact of Barriers to Exporting: A Managerial Perspective. Journal of International Marketing, 3(4), 85–105.
  • Sözcü. (2022, January 8). Getir’e şok: Amsterdam’dan yasak geldi. Sözcü. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/getire-sok-amsterdamdan-yasak-geldi-wp6916232
  • Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The Qualitative Report.
  • The World Bank. (2022). GDP Growth. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=GB&most_recent_value_desc=true
  • Ulukan, G. (2023, November 8). Getir, ABD’li online market şirketi FreshDirect’i satın alıyor. Getir, ABD’li Online Market Şirketi FreshDirect’i Satın Alıyor. https://webrazzi.com/2023/11/08/getir-freshdirect-satin-aliyor/
  • UNCTAD. (2023). World Investment Report 2023. UNCTAD. https://unctad.org/publication/world-investment-report-2023
  • Welch, L. S., & Luostarinen, R. (1988). Internationalization: Evolution of a Concept. Journal of General Management, 14(2), 34–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/030630708801400203
  • Welch, L. S., & Wiedersheim‐Paul, F. (1980). INITIAL EXPORTS – A MARKETING FAILURE? Journal of Management Studies, 17(3), 333–344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1980.tb00407.x
  • Westhead, P., Wright, M., & Ucbasaran, D. (2001). The internationalization of new and small firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(4), 333–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00063-4
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  • Yaprak, A., Yosun, T., & Cetindamar, D. (2018). The influence of firm-specific and country-specific advantages in the internationalization of emerging market firms: Evidence from Turkey. International Business Review, 27(1), 198–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2017.07.001
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EXPLORING INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGIES: A DEVELOPING COUNTRY CASE STUDY ANALYSIS

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 1 - 22, 29.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.54993/syad.1435287

Öz

This paper investigates the internationalization processes of firms emerging from developing countries, utilizing a case study approach to address the seven theoretical propositions suggested by Paul & Mas (2019). By applying this theoretical framework to analyse the international marketing strategies, the study enriches the existing literature in this domain. Furthermore, there is a lack of literature focusing on a case study of a Turkish firm in this context. The research is designed as a case study, and the international marketing position of Getir, a company, is analysed based on qualitative data collected from archives and news sources according to the seven propositions. According to the results, there is not enough evidence available for the concepts of potential and pattern in this case study. However, propositions regarding the concepts of process and pace appear differently in this case study than what the authors claim.

Kaynakça

  • Barnard, H. (2021). Host countries’ level of development and internationalization from emerging markets: A typology of firm strategies. Journal of International Management, 27(3), 100828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100828
  • BloombergHT. (2021, November 23). Getir İngiltere’de şirket alıyor. Getir İngiltere’de Şirket Alıyor. https://www.bloomberght.com/getir-ingilterede-sirket-aliyor-2292660
  • Cao, M., & Alon, I. (2021). Overcoming the liability of foreignness – A new perspective on Chinese MNCs. Journal of Business Research, 128, 611–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.11.017
  • Cavusgil, S. T., & Knight, G. (2015). The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.62
  • Costa, E., Soares, A. L., & De Sousa, J. P. (2016). Information, knowledge and collaboration management in the internationalisation of SMEs: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Information Management, 36(4), 557–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.03.007
  • Coviello, N. (2015). Re-thinking research on born globals. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.59
  • Coviello, N. E., & Munro, H. J. (1995). Growing the entrepreneurial firm: Networking for internationalmarket development. European Journal of Marketing, 29(7), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090569510095008
  • Dahlquist, S. H., & Griffith, D. A. (2015). A framework for the formation of governance portfolios in international interfirm marketing collaborations. AMS Review, 5(1–2), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13162-015-0065-9
  • Dang, Q. T., Jasovska, P., & Rammal, H. G. (2020). International business-government relations: The risk management strategies of MNEs in emerging economies. Journal of World Business, 55(1), 101042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2019.101042
  • Dunning, J. (1988). The Eclectıc Paradıgm Of Internatıonal Productıon: A Restatement and Some Possıble Extensıons. Journal of International Business Studies.
  • Dunning, J. H. (1995). Reappraısıng The Eclectıc Paradıgm In An Age Of Allıance Capıtalısm. Journal of International Business Studies., 26.
  • Dunning, J. H. (2001). The Eclectic (OLI) Paradigm of International Production: Past, Present and Future. International Journal of the Economics of Business, 8(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571510110051441
  • Dunning, J. H., Pak, Y. S., & Beldona, S. (2007). Foreign ownership strategies of UK and US international franchisors: An exploratory application of Dunning’s envelope paradigm. International Business Review, 16(5), 531–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2007.01.005
  • Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building Theories from Case Study Research.
  • Erdilek, A. (2008). Internationalization of Turkish MNEs. Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 744–760. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810883634
  • Girişim Haberleri. (2021, January 28). Getir, Londra’da Hizmet Vermeye Başladı! https://www.girisimhaberleri.com/getir-londrada-hizmet-vermeye-basladi/
  • Hakkımızda. (2024, January 5). Hakkımızda. https://getir.com/hakkimizda/
  • Halaç, M. (2022, May 8). Getir’in İlk Fiziksel Süpermarketi Hollanda’da Açıldı. https://www.girisimhaberleri.com/getir-fiziksel-market/
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. (1990). The Mechanism of Internationalisation. International Marketing Review, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339010137414
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. E. (1977). The Internatıonalızatıon Process of The Firm-A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments. Journal of International Business Studies.
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (2003). Business Relationship Learning and Commitment in the Internationalization Process. Journal of International Entreprenuership, 83–101.
  • Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (2006). Commitment and opportunity development in the internationalization process: A note on the Uppsala internationalization process model. Management International Review, 46(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-006-0043-4
  • Karadeniz, E. E., & Göçer, K. (2007). Internationalization of small firms: A case study of Turkish small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises. European Business Review, 19(5), 387–403. https://doi.org/10.1108/09555340710818978
  • Katsikeas, C., Leonidou, L., & Zeriti, A. (2019). Revisiting international marketing strategy in a digital era: Opportunities, challenges, and research directions. International Marketing Review, 37(3), 405–424. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-02-2019-0080
  • Katsikeas, C. S., Samiee, S., & Theodosiou, M. (2006). Strategy fit and performance consequences of international marketing standardization. Strategic Management Journal, 27(9), 867–890. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.549
  • Kaya, H., & Erden, D. (2008). Firm‐specific capabilities and foreign direct investment activities of Turkish manufacturing firms: An empirical study. Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 761–777. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810883643
  • Khan, H. (2020). Is marketing agility important for emerging market firms in advanced markets? International Business Review, 29(5), 101733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2020.101733
  • Knight, G. A., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2004). Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(2), 124–141. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400071
  • Knight, G. A., & Liesch, P. W. (2002). Information internalisation in internationalising the firm. Journal of Business Research, 55(12), 981–995. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00375-2
  • Miller, S. R., Thomas, D. E., Eden, L., & Hitt, M. (2008). Knee Deep in the Big Muddy: The Survival of Emerging Market Firms in Developed Markets. Management International Review, 48(6), 645–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-008-0101-1
  • Oksijen. (2023, July 28). Getir, İspanya, İtalya ve Portekiz’den de çekiliyor. Gazete Oksijen. https://gazeteoksijen.com/ekonomi/getir-ispanya-italya-ve-portekizden-de-cekiliyor-184832#:~:text=G%C4%B1da%20da%C4%9F%C4%B1t%C4%B1m%20giri%C5%9Fimi%20Getir%20d%C3%BCn,ve%20Portekiz'den%20%C3%A7ekilece%C4%9Fini%20duyurdu.
  • Önder, N. (2022, May 17). Getir deposu Rotterdam’da sanat galerisine dönüştü! https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/getir-rotterdam/
  • Paul, J. (2019). Marketing in emerging markets: A review, theoretical synthesis and extension. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 15(3), 446–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-04-2017-0130
  • Paul, J. (2020). SCOPE framework for SMEs: A new theoretical lens for success and internationalization. European Management Journal, 38(2), 219–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2020.02.001
  • Paul, J., & Mas, E. (2019). Toward a 7-P framework for international marketing. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 28(8), 681–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2019.1569111
  • Penrose, E. T. (1959/1995). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
  • Petrou, A. P. (2015). Arbitrariness of corruption and foreign affiliate performance: A resource dependence perspective. Journal of World Business, 50(4), 826–837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.04.004
  • Piercy, N. F., Kaleka, A., & Katsikeas, C. S. (1998). Sources of Competitive Advantage in High performing Exporting Companies. Journal of World Business, 33(4).
  • Rana, S., Prashar, S., Barai, M. K., & Hamid, A. B. A. (2020). Determinants of international marketing strategy for emerging market multinationals. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 16(2), 154–178. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-09-2019-0742
  • Sahin, K., Tatoğlu, E., Mert, K., Kaplan, T., & Golgeci, I. (2022). Internationalization of Turkish business groups: Motives and institutional context. International Journal of Emerging Markets. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-06-2021-0974
  • Samant, S., Thakur-Wernz, P., & Hatfield, D. E. (2023). The impact of differences in internationalization processes on innovation by emerging economy firms. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 18(5), 1254–1281. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-11-2020-1331
  • Sanchez-Peinado, E., Pla-Barber, J., & Hébert, L. (2007). Strategic Variables that Influence Entry Mode Choice in Service Firms. Journal of International Marketing, 15(1), 67–91. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.15.1.067
  • Schofield, H. (2023, July 30). Getir Fransa’da kepenk kapattı. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/c51q0q91mvyo
  • Serim, M. (2020, January 15). Uluslararası Yatırımcıların Gözü Türk Girişimlerinde: Getir’e Yurt Dışından 38 Milyon Dolar. https://bigumigu.com/haber/uluslararasi-yatirimcilarin-gozu-turk-girisimlerinde-getire-yurt-disindan-38-milyon-dolar/
  • Sharkey, T. W., Lim, J.-S., & Kim, K. I. (1989). Export Development and Perceived Export Barriers: An Empirical Analysis of Small Firms. Management International Review, 29(2), 33–40.
  • Shoham, A., & Albaum, G. S. (1995). Reducing the Impact of Barriers to Exporting: A Managerial Perspective. Journal of International Marketing, 3(4), 85–105.
  • Sözcü. (2022, January 8). Getir’e şok: Amsterdam’dan yasak geldi. Sözcü. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/getire-sok-amsterdamdan-yasak-geldi-wp6916232
  • Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The Qualitative Report.
  • The World Bank. (2022). GDP Growth. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?locations=GB&most_recent_value_desc=true
  • Ulukan, G. (2023, November 8). Getir, ABD’li online market şirketi FreshDirect’i satın alıyor. Getir, ABD’li Online Market Şirketi FreshDirect’i Satın Alıyor. https://webrazzi.com/2023/11/08/getir-freshdirect-satin-aliyor/
  • UNCTAD. (2023). World Investment Report 2023. UNCTAD. https://unctad.org/publication/world-investment-report-2023
  • Welch, L. S., & Luostarinen, R. (1988). Internationalization: Evolution of a Concept. Journal of General Management, 14(2), 34–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/030630708801400203
  • Welch, L. S., & Wiedersheim‐Paul, F. (1980). INITIAL EXPORTS – A MARKETING FAILURE? Journal of Management Studies, 17(3), 333–344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1980.tb00407.x
  • Westhead, P., Wright, M., & Ucbasaran, D. (2001). The internationalization of new and small firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(4), 333–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00063-4
  • Yang, Y. S., Leone, R. P., & Alden, D. L. (1992). A Market Expansion Ability Approach to Identify Potential Exporters. 56(1), 84–96.
  • Yaprak, A., & Karademir, B. (2011). Emerging market multinationals’ role in facilitating developed country multinationals’ regional expansion: A critical review of the literature and Turkish MNC examples. Journal of World Business, 46(4), 438–446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2010.10.004
  • Yaprak, A., Yosun, T., & Cetindamar, D. (2018). The influence of firm-specific and country-specific advantages in the internationalization of emerging market firms: Evidence from Turkey. International Business Review, 27(1), 198–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2017.07.001
  • Yin, R. K. (1981). The case study crisis: Some answers. Administrative science quarterly, 26(1), 58-65.
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Uluslararası İşletme
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Duygu Aydın Ünal 0000-0001-7566-0933

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi 8 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydın Ünal, D. (2024). EXPLORING INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGIES: A DEVELOPING COUNTRY CASE STUDY ANALYSIS. Stratejik Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.54993/syad.1435287