Araştırma Makalesi
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COVID-19 KÜRESEL SALGINININ GENÇLERİN KARİYER DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ VE DİJİTAL GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETLERİNE ETKİSİ: NİCEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 31 - 62, 23.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.793606

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, dünyayı derinden etkileyen ve çalışma ilişkilerinde önemli değişimlere neden olan COVID-19 küresel salgını öncesi ve salgın sürecindeki durumu kıyaslayarak, dijital teknolojilerin öneminin artması ve ön plana çıkmasıyla gençlerin kariyer değerlendirmeleri ve dijital girişimcilik niyetlerindeki değişimleri ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma kapsamındaki veriler, Akdeniz Üniversitesi’nin dört farklı fakültesinde okuyan 407 öğrenciden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma bağlamında dokuz hipotez geliştirilmiş ve bu hipotezlerin test edilmesinde; korelasyon analizi, bağımlı örneklem t testi, bağımsız örneklem t testi, One Way ANOVA ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları COVID-19 öncesi döneme ilişkin gençlerin kariyer değerlendirmelerinin dijital girişimcilik niyetleri ile ilişkili olmadığını, ancak COVID-19 sürecinde kariyer değerlendirmelerinin zayıf da olsa dijital girişimcilik niyetiyle ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, gençlerin COVID-19 öncesine ilişkin kariyer değerlendirmeleri ile COVID-19 sürecindeki kariyer değerlendirmeleri arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmezken, dijital girişimcilik niyetlerinde anlamlı farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi yardımıyla gerçekleştirilen yol analizleri gençlerin COVID-19 öncesine ilişkin ve COVID-19 sürecine ilişkin bireysel kariyer değerlendirmelerinin, onların COVID-19 öncesine ilişkin ve COVID-19 sürecine ilişkin dijital girişimcilik niyetleri üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olmadığını göstermiştir. Yapılan bu çalışma, gençlerin özellikle COVID-19 öncesine ve COVID-19 sürecine dair algıları ışığında kariyer değerlendirmeleri ve dijital girişimcilik niyetlerini birlikte ele alarak irdelemesi yönüyle özgün bir niteliğe sahiptir. Ayrıca, çalışma kapsamında alanyazına dayalı derlenen, güvenilirlik analizi, açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş olan “Gençler İçin Bireysel Kariyer Değerlendirme Ölçeği”nin daha sonra yapılacak çalışmalarda araştırmacılara yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundation of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Baron, R. ve Donn, B. (2004). Psikologi Sosial Jilid 1 (Edisi Ke Sepuluh) Jakarta Erlangga
  • Bird, B. (1998). Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: the case for intention, Academy of Management Review, 13 (2), 442-453.
  • Bone, P. F., Sharma, S. ve Shimp, T.A. (1989). A Bootstrap Procedure for Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indices of Structural Equation and Confirmatory Factor Models. Journal of Marketing Research, 26(1), 105-111.
  • Brenner, O. C., Pringle, C. D. ve Greenhaus, J. H. (1991). Perceived Fulfillment of Organizational Employment Versus Entrepreneurship: Work Values and Career Intentions of Business College Graduates. Journal of Small Business Management, 29(3), 62.
  • Buyruk, L. (2009). Turizm lisans eğitimi alan öğrencilerin kariyer beklentileri üzerine bir araştırma. 10. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi. Mersin, Türkiye, Ekim 21-24.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı, Pegem A Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Bygrave, W. D. ve Hofer, C. W. (1991). Theorizing about entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(2), 13-22
  • Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocchi, G. L., & Sobrero, M. (2012). The determinants of corporate entrepreneurial intention within small and newly established firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(2), 387-414.
  • Fishbein, M. ve Ajzen, I. (1974). Attitudes towards objects as predictors of single and multiple behavioral criteria. Psychological Review, 81(1), 59–74.
  • Giones, F., ve Brem, A. (2017). Digital Technology Entrepreneurship: A Definition and Research Agenda. Technology Innovation Management Review, 7(5), 44-51.
  • Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin F. (2015). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri: Felsefe-Yöntem-Analiz. Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Hafezieh, N, Akhavan, P. ve Eshraghian, F. (2011). Exploration of process and competitive factors of entrepreneurship in digital space, Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 4(4), 267-279.
  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. ve Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Education, New Jersey.
  • Ilg, R. E. ve Haugen, S. E. (2000). Earnings and employment trends in the 1990s. Monthly Labor Review, 21–33.
  • Ilgaz, B. (2011). Üniversite düzeyinde turizm eğitimi alan öğrencilerin yılmazlık, umutsuzluk durumları ve sektörel tutumlarının kariyer seçimlerine etkileri: Akdeniz Üniversitesi örneği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi,
  • Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J. A., Lans, T., Mulder, M. ve Chizari, M. (2012). The Role of Entrepreneurship Education in Developing Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions. Presented at the 10th Wageningen International Conference on Chain and Network Science
  • Kolvereid, L. (1996). Prediction of employment status choice intentions, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 21 (1), 47-57.
  • Kong, H., Wang, S. ve Fu, X. (2015). Meeting career expectation: can it enhance job satisfaction of Generation Y?, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27 (1), 147 - 168
  • Krueger, N. (1993). The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 18, 5-21.
  • Krueger, N., Reilly, M., & Carsrud, A. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5), 411-432.
  • Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., Hackett, G. (2000). Contextual supports and barriers to career choice: A social cognitive analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47 (1), 36-49.
  • Linan, F. ve Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and Cross‐Cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3),593-617.
  • Linan, F., Nabi, G. ve Krueger, N. (2013). British and Spanish entrepreneurial intentions: A comparative study. Revista De Economia Mundial, 33, 73-103.
  • Meydan, C. H. ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Moraes, G. H. S. M. de, Iizuka, E. S. ve Pedro, M. (2018). Effects of Entrepreneurial Characteristics and University Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 22(2), 226–248.
  • Oesch, M. ve Bower, C. (2009). Integrating career awareness into the ABE & ESOL Classroom. Boston, MA: National College Transition Network and System for Adult Basic Education Support.
  • OECD, (2019). Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs, erişim: https://www.oecd.org/site/tadicite/50286917.pdf
  • Pemberton, C. (1995). Strike a New Career Deal, London, Pitman.
  • Ramayah, T. ve Harun, Z. (2005). Entrepreneurial Intention among the Student of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). International Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship, 1, 8-20
  • Rottinghaus, P. J., Falk, N. A. ve Park, C. J. (2018). Career Assessment and Counseling for STEM: A Critical Review, the Career Development Quarterly, 66.
  • Sambamurthy, V, Bharadwaj, A. ve Grover, V. (2003). Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms, MIS Quarterly, 27(2),237-263.
  • Santana, M. (2017). Digital Entrepreneurship: Expanding The Economic Frontier in the Mediterranean, European Institute of the Mediterranean (IEMED), Erişim: http://www.iemed.org/publicacions-en/historic-depublicacions/papersiemed/20.-digital-entrepreneurship-expanding-the-economicfrontier-in-the-mediterranean
  • Sultana, R. G. (2012). Career management skills in Europe: A critical review. Journal of Education and Work 25, 225–248
  • Şeşen, H. ve Basım, H. N. (2012). Demografik Faktörler ve Kişiliğin Girişimcilik Niyetine Etkisi: Spor Bilimleri Alanında Öğrenim Gören Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Ege Akademik Bakış, Cilt 12, Özl Sayı, s.21-28.
  • Thompson, E. R. (2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, May, s.669-694
  • Turban, E., Leidner, D., McLean, E. ve Wetherbe, J. (2008), Information Technology for Management: Transforming Organizations in the Digital Economy, 6th ed., WileyPLUS, Hoboken, NJ, s. 4.
  • UNESCO (2020). Institute for Statistics 2020. UNESCO publishing.
  • Ünal A, İntepeler, S.Ş., ve Öncü, Y. A. (2018). Nursing doctoral students views about career planning and research priorities. Acta Paul Enferm. 31(5), 525-34.
  • Vasconcellos, V. (2015). Antecedents and Consequences of Career and Organizational Future Expectations, University of Brasilia, Brasil
  • Younis, H. A. (2018). Factors That Drive Qatar University Students to Digital Entrepreneurship in Qatar: Motivational Factors Identification, Qatar University Master Thesis
  • Watson, M. ve McMahon, M. (2020). Career assessment and creativity: potential complementarity or a contradiction in terms?, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 48:1, 40-51,
  • Wee, C.-H. , Lim, W.-S., Lee, R. (1994). Entrepreneurship: a review with implications for further research. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 11 (4), 25-49.
  • Whitfield, E. A., Feller, R. W. ve Wood, C. (2009). A counselor's career assessment instruments. Broken Arrow, OK: National Career Development Association.
  • Zaheer, A. ve Zaheer, S. (1997). Catching the Wave: Alertness, Responsiveness and Market Influence in Global Electronic Networks, Management Science, 43(11), 1493-1509.
  • Zellweger, T., Sieger, P. ve Halter, F. (2011). Should I stay or should I go?: Career choice intentions of students with family business background. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(5), 365-377.
  • Zenebe, A., Alsaaty, F.M. ve Anyiwo, D. (2018). Relationship between individual's entrepreneurship intention, and adoption and knowledge of information technology and its applications: an empirical study, Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 30(3), 215-232

THE EFFECT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON YOUTH'S CAREER ASSESSMENTS AND DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURAL INTENTIONS: A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 31 - 62, 23.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.793606

Öz

The purpose of this study is to compare the situation before and during the COVID-19 global pandemic, which deeply affected the world and caused significant changes in working life, to reveal the career assessment of young people and the changes in digital entrepreneurship intentions with the increase in the importance and prominence of digital technologies. The data within the scope of the research were obtained from 407 students studying at four different faculties of Akdeniz University. In the context of the research, nine hypotheses were developed and in testing these hypotheses; correlation analysis, paired samples t test, independent sample t test, One Way ANOVA and structural equation modeling were used. The results of the research showed that the career assessment of young people in the pre-COVID-19 period were not related to digital entrepreneurship intentions, but that career assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic were weakly related to digital entrepreneurship intention. On the other hand, while there was no significant difference between the career assessment of young people regarding the pre-COVID-19 period and the career assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was found that there was a significant difference in digital entrepreneurship intentions. Path analysis conducted with the help of structural equation modeling showed that individual career assessments of young people regarding pre-COVID-19 and the course of COVID-19 do not have a significant impact on their digital entrepreneurship intentions regarding pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19. This study has a unique quality in that it examines career evaluations and digital entrepreneurship intentions together in the light of young people's perceptions, especially regarding the pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, it is thought that the “Individual Career Evaluation Scale for Youth”, which was compiled based on the literature, and whose reliability analysis, explanatory and confirmatory factor analyzes were carried out, will be useful to researchers in future studies.

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundation of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Baron, R. ve Donn, B. (2004). Psikologi Sosial Jilid 1 (Edisi Ke Sepuluh) Jakarta Erlangga
  • Bird, B. (1998). Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: the case for intention, Academy of Management Review, 13 (2), 442-453.
  • Bone, P. F., Sharma, S. ve Shimp, T.A. (1989). A Bootstrap Procedure for Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indices of Structural Equation and Confirmatory Factor Models. Journal of Marketing Research, 26(1), 105-111.
  • Brenner, O. C., Pringle, C. D. ve Greenhaus, J. H. (1991). Perceived Fulfillment of Organizational Employment Versus Entrepreneurship: Work Values and Career Intentions of Business College Graduates. Journal of Small Business Management, 29(3), 62.
  • Buyruk, L. (2009). Turizm lisans eğitimi alan öğrencilerin kariyer beklentileri üzerine bir araştırma. 10. Ulusal Turizm Kongresi. Mersin, Türkiye, Ekim 21-24.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı, Pegem A Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Bygrave, W. D. ve Hofer, C. W. (1991). Theorizing about entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16(2), 13-22
  • Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocchi, G. L., & Sobrero, M. (2012). The determinants of corporate entrepreneurial intention within small and newly established firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(2), 387-414.
  • Fishbein, M. ve Ajzen, I. (1974). Attitudes towards objects as predictors of single and multiple behavioral criteria. Psychological Review, 81(1), 59–74.
  • Giones, F., ve Brem, A. (2017). Digital Technology Entrepreneurship: A Definition and Research Agenda. Technology Innovation Management Review, 7(5), 44-51.
  • Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin F. (2015). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri: Felsefe-Yöntem-Analiz. Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Hafezieh, N, Akhavan, P. ve Eshraghian, F. (2011). Exploration of process and competitive factors of entrepreneurship in digital space, Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 4(4), 267-279.
  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. ve Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Education, New Jersey.
  • Ilg, R. E. ve Haugen, S. E. (2000). Earnings and employment trends in the 1990s. Monthly Labor Review, 21–33.
  • Ilgaz, B. (2011). Üniversite düzeyinde turizm eğitimi alan öğrencilerin yılmazlık, umutsuzluk durumları ve sektörel tutumlarının kariyer seçimlerine etkileri: Akdeniz Üniversitesi örneği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi,
  • Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J. A., Lans, T., Mulder, M. ve Chizari, M. (2012). The Role of Entrepreneurship Education in Developing Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions. Presented at the 10th Wageningen International Conference on Chain and Network Science
  • Kolvereid, L. (1996). Prediction of employment status choice intentions, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 21 (1), 47-57.
  • Kong, H., Wang, S. ve Fu, X. (2015). Meeting career expectation: can it enhance job satisfaction of Generation Y?, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27 (1), 147 - 168
  • Krueger, N. (1993). The impact of prior entrepreneurial exposure on perceptions of new venture feasibility and desirability, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 18, 5-21.
  • Krueger, N., Reilly, M., & Carsrud, A. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5), 411-432.
  • Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., Hackett, G. (2000). Contextual supports and barriers to career choice: A social cognitive analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47 (1), 36-49.
  • Linan, F. ve Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and Cross‐Cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3),593-617.
  • Linan, F., Nabi, G. ve Krueger, N. (2013). British and Spanish entrepreneurial intentions: A comparative study. Revista De Economia Mundial, 33, 73-103.
  • Meydan, C. H. ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Moraes, G. H. S. M. de, Iizuka, E. S. ve Pedro, M. (2018). Effects of Entrepreneurial Characteristics and University Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 22(2), 226–248.
  • Oesch, M. ve Bower, C. (2009). Integrating career awareness into the ABE & ESOL Classroom. Boston, MA: National College Transition Network and System for Adult Basic Education Support.
  • OECD, (2019). Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs, erişim: https://www.oecd.org/site/tadicite/50286917.pdf
  • Pemberton, C. (1995). Strike a New Career Deal, London, Pitman.
  • Ramayah, T. ve Harun, Z. (2005). Entrepreneurial Intention among the Student of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). International Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship, 1, 8-20
  • Rottinghaus, P. J., Falk, N. A. ve Park, C. J. (2018). Career Assessment and Counseling for STEM: A Critical Review, the Career Development Quarterly, 66.
  • Sambamurthy, V, Bharadwaj, A. ve Grover, V. (2003). Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms, MIS Quarterly, 27(2),237-263.
  • Santana, M. (2017). Digital Entrepreneurship: Expanding The Economic Frontier in the Mediterranean, European Institute of the Mediterranean (IEMED), Erişim: http://www.iemed.org/publicacions-en/historic-depublicacions/papersiemed/20.-digital-entrepreneurship-expanding-the-economicfrontier-in-the-mediterranean
  • Sultana, R. G. (2012). Career management skills in Europe: A critical review. Journal of Education and Work 25, 225–248
  • Şeşen, H. ve Basım, H. N. (2012). Demografik Faktörler ve Kişiliğin Girişimcilik Niyetine Etkisi: Spor Bilimleri Alanında Öğrenim Gören Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Ege Akademik Bakış, Cilt 12, Özl Sayı, s.21-28.
  • Thompson, E. R. (2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, May, s.669-694
  • Turban, E., Leidner, D., McLean, E. ve Wetherbe, J. (2008), Information Technology for Management: Transforming Organizations in the Digital Economy, 6th ed., WileyPLUS, Hoboken, NJ, s. 4.
  • UNESCO (2020). Institute for Statistics 2020. UNESCO publishing.
  • Ünal A, İntepeler, S.Ş., ve Öncü, Y. A. (2018). Nursing doctoral students views about career planning and research priorities. Acta Paul Enferm. 31(5), 525-34.
  • Vasconcellos, V. (2015). Antecedents and Consequences of Career and Organizational Future Expectations, University of Brasilia, Brasil
  • Younis, H. A. (2018). Factors That Drive Qatar University Students to Digital Entrepreneurship in Qatar: Motivational Factors Identification, Qatar University Master Thesis
  • Watson, M. ve McMahon, M. (2020). Career assessment and creativity: potential complementarity or a contradiction in terms?, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 48:1, 40-51,
  • Wee, C.-H. , Lim, W.-S., Lee, R. (1994). Entrepreneurship: a review with implications for further research. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 11 (4), 25-49.
  • Whitfield, E. A., Feller, R. W. ve Wood, C. (2009). A counselor's career assessment instruments. Broken Arrow, OK: National Career Development Association.
  • Zaheer, A. ve Zaheer, S. (1997). Catching the Wave: Alertness, Responsiveness and Market Influence in Global Electronic Networks, Management Science, 43(11), 1493-1509.
  • Zellweger, T., Sieger, P. ve Halter, F. (2011). Should I stay or should I go?: Career choice intentions of students with family business background. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(5), 365-377.
  • Zenebe, A., Alsaaty, F.M. ve Anyiwo, D. (2018). Relationship between individual's entrepreneurship intention, and adoption and knowledge of information technology and its applications: an empirical study, Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 30(3), 215-232
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hale Alan 0000-0002-2444-1551

Hüseyin Boz 0000-0003-1191-4097

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Alan, H., & Boz, H. (2022). COVID-19 KÜRESEL SALGINININ GENÇLERİN KARİYER DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ VE DİJİTAL GİRİŞİMCİLİK NİYETLERİNE ETKİSİ: NİCEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 9(1), 31-62. https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.793606