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Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 2632 - 2644, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.976603

Öz

Bu araştırmada, kalsiyum aljinatta tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans hücreleri ile sabit yataklı biyofilm reaktörde nitrat giderimi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, besleme çözeltisinin nitrat içeriği ve akış hızının biyolojik denitrifikasyon üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu inceleme sonucunda, reaktör çıkışındaki ürün suyun nitrat derişimi, 150 mL h-1’lik akış hızına kadar Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve TS-266 tarafından izin verilen standartların altında bulunmuştur. Maksimum reaktör verimliliği ve 31.53 mg L-1 h-1 olarak 150 mL h-1’lik besleme çözeltisi akış hızında elde edilmiştir. Bu değer için hidrolik alıkonma süresi 30 dakikadır. Besleme çözeltisi nitrat içeriği 250 mg L-1’ye kadar, çıkış suyundaki nitrat derişimi standartların altında bulunmuştur. Maksimum nitrat giderme hızı ve reaktör verimliliği 397.50 mg L-1 h-1’lik yükleme hızında sırasıyla 342.06 ve 30.70 mg L-1 h-1 olarak elde edilmiştir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Burada sunulan veriler, yazarın “Sabit Yataklı Reaktörlerde Mikrobiyal Nitrat Giderimi ve Kinetiği” başlıklı doktora tezinden üretilmiştir. Doktora çalışmasının planlanması ve yürütülmesinde büyük desteklerini gördüğüm Danışmanım Prof Dr Ömer Faruk ALGUR’u Rahmetle anar, Co-danışmanım Prof Dr Bülent KESKİNLER’e yardımlarından dolayı içtenlikle teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Almeida JS, Reis MA, Carrondo MJ, 1995. Competition Between Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction in Denitrification by Pseudomonas fluorescens. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 46 (5): 476-484.
  • Anonim, 2016, TSE, Türk İçme Suyu Standartları, TS-266. Ankara.
  • Anonymous, 1985, Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. (16th ed.) Washington, DC, pp. 391-406.
  • Anonymous, 2016. Nitrate And Nitrite In Drinking-Water., World Health Organization, Geneva-Switzerland.
  • Anonymous, 2017a. Guidelines For Drinking-Water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating The First Addendum, World Health Organization, Geneva.
  • Anonymous, 2017b. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, (23nd ed.), Method 4500-NO2- B. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
  • Anonymous, 2018. 2018 Edition Of The Drinking Water Standards And Health Advisories Tables. Office of Water United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
  • Ashok V, Hait S, 2015. Remediation of Nitrate-Contaminated Water by Solid-Phase Denitrification Process-A Review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22:8075-8093.
  • Bucco S, Padoin N, Netto WS, Soares HM, 2014. Drinking Water Decontamination by Biological Denitrification Using Fresh Bamboo as İnoculum Source. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 37:2009-2017.
  • Burghate SP, Ingole NW, 2014. Biological Denitrification-A Review. Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology. 3 (1): 009-028.
  • Bülbül G, Aksu Z, 1997. Atıksulardaki Fenol Kirliliğinin Serbest ve Ca-Alginat’a Tutuklanmış P. Putida İle Giderilmesinin Kesikli ve Karıştırmalı Tepkime Kabında Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 21 (3): 175-181.
  • Chang CC, Tseng SK, Huang HK, 1999. Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification with İmmobilized Alcaligenes eutrophus for Drinking Water Treatment. Bioresource Technology, 69: 53-58.
  • Chen KC, Huang CT, 1988. Effects of The Growth of Trichosporon cutaneum in Calcium Alginate Gel Beads Upon Bead Structure and Oxygen Transfer Characteristics. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 10 (5): 284-292.
  • Chen KC, Lin YF, 1993. The Relationship Between Denitrifiying Bacteria and Methanogenic Bacteria in A Mixed Culture System of Acclimated Sludge. Water Research, 27 (12): 1749-1759.
  • Chibata I, Tosa T, Sato T, 1986. Methods of Cell Immobilization. In: Demain AL, Solomon NA Editors, Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, pp. 217-229, Washington DC-USA.
  • Claus G, Kutzner HJ, 1985a. Physiology and Kinetics of Autotrophic Denitrification by Thiobacillus denitrificans. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 22: 283-288.
  • Claus G, Kutzner HJ, 1985b. Autotrophic Denitrification by Thiobacillus denitrificans in a Packed Bed Reactor. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 22: 289-296.
  • Conley DJ, Paerl HW, Howarth RW, Boesch DF, Seitzinger SP, Havens KE, Lancelot C, Likens GE, 2009. Controling Eutrophication: Nitrogen and Phosphorus, Science 323 (5917): 1014-1015.
  • Crespi M, Ramazzoth V, 1991. Evidence That N-Nitroso Compounds Contribute to The Causation of Certain Human Cancers. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, Vol. G:30, pp. 233-252. Berlin-Germany.
  • Dahab MF, 1991. Nitrate Treatment Methods: An Overwiev. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, G:30, pp. 449-468, Berlin-Germany.
  • De Boer W, Klein Gunnewiek PA, Laanbroek HJ, 1995. Ammonium Oxidation at Low pH By A Chemolithotrofic Bacterium Belonging to The Genus Nitrosospira. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27 (2): 127-132.
  • Demircioğlu N, 1996. Sulu Ortamlarda Sıvı Membran Teknolojisiyle Nitrat ve Nitrit İyonlarının Çift Yönlü Taşınım Kinetiği. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi (Basılmış).
  • Dorias B, Bauman P, 1994. Denitrification in Trickling Filters. Water Science and Technology, 30 (6): 181-184.
  • Dourson M, Stern B, Griffin S, Bailey K, 1991. Impact of Risk-Related Concerns on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Programs. Nitrat Contamination Exposure, Consequence and Control. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, G:30, pp. 477-487, Berlin-Germany.
  • Erkekoğlu P, Baydar T, 2010. Nitrite, a Hidden Foe in Food: Evaluation of Nitrite in Toxicological Perspective. Gazi University Journal of Science, 23 (3): 261-270.
  • Gayle BP, Boardman GD, Sherrard JH, Benoit RE, 1989. Biological Denitrification of Water. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 115 (5): 930-943.
  • Glass C, Silverstein J, 1998. Denitrification Kinetics of High Nitrate Concentration Water: pH Effect on İnhibition and Nitrite Accumulation. Water Research, 32 (3): 831-839.
  • Hiscock KM, Lloyd JM, Lerner DN, 1991. Review of Natural and Artifical Denitrification of Groundwater. Water Research, 25 (9): 1099-1111.
  • Hu M, Zheng G, Zhao D, Yu W, 2020. Characterization of The Structure and Diffusion Behavior of Calcium Alginate Gel Beads. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 137 (31):1-9.
  • Hulst AC, Tramper J, Van’t Riet K, Westerbeek JMM, 1985, A New Technique for İmmobilized Biocatalyst in Large Quantities. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 27 (6): 870-876.
  • Kapoor A, Viraraghavan T, 1997. Nitrate Removal From Drinking Water-Review. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 123 (4): 371-380.
  • Karanasios KA, Vasiliadou IA, Pavlou S, Vayenas DV, 2010. Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification of Potable Water: A Review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 180 (1):20-37.
  • Kargı F, 1993. Çevre Mühendisliğinde Biyoprosesler. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Basım Ünitesi, s.217-223, İzmir-Türkiye.
  • Keskinler B, Çakıcı A, Algur ÖF, 1995. Endüstriyel Atıksulardan Fe2+’Nin Biyoteknolojik Arıtımı. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 19 (4): 311-317.
  • Kitamikado M, Tseng CH, Yamaguchi K, Nakamura T, 1992. Two Types of Bacterial Alginate Lyases. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58 (8): 2474-2478.
  • Knowles R, 1982. Denitrification. Microbial Review, 46 (1): 43-70.
  • Kocataş A, 1996. Ekoloji- Çevre Biyolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi (3. Baskı), s.322-330, İzmir-Türkiye.
  • La Motta EJ, Cascante P, 1996. Substrate Consumption Kinetics in Anaerobic Biofilm Fluidized Reactor. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 122 (3): 198-203.
  • Lee HG, Choi MW, Wang SH, Park TJ, Kim CW, 2001. Applicability of Fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor for Nitrogen Removal From Sewage With High Nitrogen Contents. Environmental Engineering Research, 6 (2): 55-61.
  • Lewandowski Z, Bakke R, Characklis WG, 1987. Nitrification and Autotrophic Denitrification in Calcium Alginate Beads. Water Science and Technology, 19 (1-2): 175-182.
  • Liu SX, Hermanowicz SW, Peng M, 2003. Nitrate Removal From Drinking Water Through The Use of Encapsulated Microorganisms in Alginate Beads. Environmental Technology, 24 (9): 1129-1134.
  • Mateju V, Cizinska S, Krejci J, Jonach T, 1992. Biological Water Denitrification: A Review. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 14 (3): 170-183.
  • McCleaf PR, Schroeder ED, 1995. Denitrification Using a Membrane İmmobilized Biofilm. Journal of American Water Works Association, 87 (3): 77-86.
  • Mol N, Kut OM, Dunn IJ, 1993. Adsorption of Toxic Shocks on Carriers in Anaerobic Biofilm Fluidized Bed Reactors. Water Science and Technology, 28 (2): 55-65.
  • Muslu Y, 1990. Kullanılmış Suların Tasfiyesi. Cilt 1, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi İnşaat Fakültesi Matbaası (2. Baskı), s.318-337, İstanbul-Türkiye.
  • Nuhoğlu A, 1996. Çapraz Akışlı Membran Biyoreaktörde Denitrifikasyon Prosesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi (Basılmış).
  • Nuhoğlu A, Pekdemir T, Yıldız E, Keskinler B, Akay G, 2002. Drinking Water Denitrification by Membrane Bioreactor. Water Research, 36: 1155-1166.
  • Orhon D, Sözen S, Ubayo E, 1994. Assessment of Nitrification - Denitrification Potential of Istanbul Domestic Waste Water. Water Science and Technology, 30 (6): 21-30.
  • Ovez B, Mergaert J, Sağlam M, 2006. Biological Denitrification in Drinking Water Treatment Using The Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa as Carbon Source And Biofilm Carrier. Water Environment Research, 78 (4): 430-434.
  • Pekdemir T, Kuru-Kaçmazoğlu E, Keskinler B, Algur ÖF, 1998. Drinking Water Denitrification in a Fixed Bed Packed Biofilm Reactor. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 22 (1): 39-45
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Nitrate Removal from Drinking Water by Calcium Alginate Immobilized Paracoccus denitrificans in a Packed Bed Bioreactor

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 2632 - 2644, 15.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.976603

Öz

In this study, nitrate removal was investigated in a packed bed bioreactor with Paracoccus denitrificans cells immobilized in calcium alginate. For this purpose, the effects of nitrate content and flow rate of the feed solution on biological denitrification were investigated. As a result of this examination, the nitrate concentration of the product water at the reactor outlet was found below the standards allowed by the World Health Organization and TS-266 up to a flow rate of 150 mL h-1. Maximum reactor efficiency was obtained as 31.53 mg L-1 h-1 at a feed solution flow rate of 150 mL h-1. The hydraulic retention time for this value is 30 minutes. The nitrate content of the feed solution was up to 250 mg L-1, and the nitrate concentration in the effluent was below the standards. Maximum nitrate removal rate and reactor efficiency were found as 342.06 and 30.70 mg L-1 h-1 at a loading rate of 397.50 mg L-1 h-1, respectively.

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

  • Almeida JS, Reis MA, Carrondo MJ, 1995. Competition Between Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction in Denitrification by Pseudomonas fluorescens. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 46 (5): 476-484.
  • Anonim, 2016, TSE, Türk İçme Suyu Standartları, TS-266. Ankara.
  • Anonymous, 1985, Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. (16th ed.) Washington, DC, pp. 391-406.
  • Anonymous, 2016. Nitrate And Nitrite In Drinking-Water., World Health Organization, Geneva-Switzerland.
  • Anonymous, 2017a. Guidelines For Drinking-Water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating The First Addendum, World Health Organization, Geneva.
  • Anonymous, 2017b. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, (23nd ed.), Method 4500-NO2- B. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
  • Anonymous, 2018. 2018 Edition Of The Drinking Water Standards And Health Advisories Tables. Office of Water United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
  • Ashok V, Hait S, 2015. Remediation of Nitrate-Contaminated Water by Solid-Phase Denitrification Process-A Review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22:8075-8093.
  • Bucco S, Padoin N, Netto WS, Soares HM, 2014. Drinking Water Decontamination by Biological Denitrification Using Fresh Bamboo as İnoculum Source. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 37:2009-2017.
  • Burghate SP, Ingole NW, 2014. Biological Denitrification-A Review. Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology. 3 (1): 009-028.
  • Bülbül G, Aksu Z, 1997. Atıksulardaki Fenol Kirliliğinin Serbest ve Ca-Alginat’a Tutuklanmış P. Putida İle Giderilmesinin Kesikli ve Karıştırmalı Tepkime Kabında Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 21 (3): 175-181.
  • Chang CC, Tseng SK, Huang HK, 1999. Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification with İmmobilized Alcaligenes eutrophus for Drinking Water Treatment. Bioresource Technology, 69: 53-58.
  • Chen KC, Huang CT, 1988. Effects of The Growth of Trichosporon cutaneum in Calcium Alginate Gel Beads Upon Bead Structure and Oxygen Transfer Characteristics. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 10 (5): 284-292.
  • Chen KC, Lin YF, 1993. The Relationship Between Denitrifiying Bacteria and Methanogenic Bacteria in A Mixed Culture System of Acclimated Sludge. Water Research, 27 (12): 1749-1759.
  • Chibata I, Tosa T, Sato T, 1986. Methods of Cell Immobilization. In: Demain AL, Solomon NA Editors, Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, pp. 217-229, Washington DC-USA.
  • Claus G, Kutzner HJ, 1985a. Physiology and Kinetics of Autotrophic Denitrification by Thiobacillus denitrificans. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 22: 283-288.
  • Claus G, Kutzner HJ, 1985b. Autotrophic Denitrification by Thiobacillus denitrificans in a Packed Bed Reactor. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 22: 289-296.
  • Conley DJ, Paerl HW, Howarth RW, Boesch DF, Seitzinger SP, Havens KE, Lancelot C, Likens GE, 2009. Controling Eutrophication: Nitrogen and Phosphorus, Science 323 (5917): 1014-1015.
  • Crespi M, Ramazzoth V, 1991. Evidence That N-Nitroso Compounds Contribute to The Causation of Certain Human Cancers. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, Vol. G:30, pp. 233-252. Berlin-Germany.
  • Dahab MF, 1991. Nitrate Treatment Methods: An Overwiev. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, G:30, pp. 449-468, Berlin-Germany.
  • De Boer W, Klein Gunnewiek PA, Laanbroek HJ, 1995. Ammonium Oxidation at Low pH By A Chemolithotrofic Bacterium Belonging to The Genus Nitrosospira. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27 (2): 127-132.
  • Demircioğlu N, 1996. Sulu Ortamlarda Sıvı Membran Teknolojisiyle Nitrat ve Nitrit İyonlarının Çift Yönlü Taşınım Kinetiği. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi (Basılmış).
  • Dorias B, Bauman P, 1994. Denitrification in Trickling Filters. Water Science and Technology, 30 (6): 181-184.
  • Dourson M, Stern B, Griffin S, Bailey K, 1991. Impact of Risk-Related Concerns on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Programs. Nitrat Contamination Exposure, Consequence and Control. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, G:30, pp. 477-487, Berlin-Germany.
  • Erkekoğlu P, Baydar T, 2010. Nitrite, a Hidden Foe in Food: Evaluation of Nitrite in Toxicological Perspective. Gazi University Journal of Science, 23 (3): 261-270.
  • Gayle BP, Boardman GD, Sherrard JH, Benoit RE, 1989. Biological Denitrification of Water. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 115 (5): 930-943.
  • Glass C, Silverstein J, 1998. Denitrification Kinetics of High Nitrate Concentration Water: pH Effect on İnhibition and Nitrite Accumulation. Water Research, 32 (3): 831-839.
  • Hiscock KM, Lloyd JM, Lerner DN, 1991. Review of Natural and Artifical Denitrification of Groundwater. Water Research, 25 (9): 1099-1111.
  • Hu M, Zheng G, Zhao D, Yu W, 2020. Characterization of The Structure and Diffusion Behavior of Calcium Alginate Gel Beads. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 137 (31):1-9.
  • Hulst AC, Tramper J, Van’t Riet K, Westerbeek JMM, 1985, A New Technique for İmmobilized Biocatalyst in Large Quantities. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 27 (6): 870-876.
  • Kapoor A, Viraraghavan T, 1997. Nitrate Removal From Drinking Water-Review. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 123 (4): 371-380.
  • Karanasios KA, Vasiliadou IA, Pavlou S, Vayenas DV, 2010. Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification of Potable Water: A Review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 180 (1):20-37.
  • Kargı F, 1993. Çevre Mühendisliğinde Biyoprosesler. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Basım Ünitesi, s.217-223, İzmir-Türkiye.
  • Keskinler B, Çakıcı A, Algur ÖF, 1995. Endüstriyel Atıksulardan Fe2+’Nin Biyoteknolojik Arıtımı. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 19 (4): 311-317.
  • Kitamikado M, Tseng CH, Yamaguchi K, Nakamura T, 1992. Two Types of Bacterial Alginate Lyases. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58 (8): 2474-2478.
  • Knowles R, 1982. Denitrification. Microbial Review, 46 (1): 43-70.
  • Kocataş A, 1996. Ekoloji- Çevre Biyolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi (3. Baskı), s.322-330, İzmir-Türkiye.
  • La Motta EJ, Cascante P, 1996. Substrate Consumption Kinetics in Anaerobic Biofilm Fluidized Reactor. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 122 (3): 198-203.
  • Lee HG, Choi MW, Wang SH, Park TJ, Kim CW, 2001. Applicability of Fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor for Nitrogen Removal From Sewage With High Nitrogen Contents. Environmental Engineering Research, 6 (2): 55-61.
  • Lewandowski Z, Bakke R, Characklis WG, 1987. Nitrification and Autotrophic Denitrification in Calcium Alginate Beads. Water Science and Technology, 19 (1-2): 175-182.
  • Liu SX, Hermanowicz SW, Peng M, 2003. Nitrate Removal From Drinking Water Through The Use of Encapsulated Microorganisms in Alginate Beads. Environmental Technology, 24 (9): 1129-1134.
  • Mateju V, Cizinska S, Krejci J, Jonach T, 1992. Biological Water Denitrification: A Review. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 14 (3): 170-183.
  • McCleaf PR, Schroeder ED, 1995. Denitrification Using a Membrane İmmobilized Biofilm. Journal of American Water Works Association, 87 (3): 77-86.
  • Mol N, Kut OM, Dunn IJ, 1993. Adsorption of Toxic Shocks on Carriers in Anaerobic Biofilm Fluidized Bed Reactors. Water Science and Technology, 28 (2): 55-65.
  • Muslu Y, 1990. Kullanılmış Suların Tasfiyesi. Cilt 1, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi İnşaat Fakültesi Matbaası (2. Baskı), s.318-337, İstanbul-Türkiye.
  • Nuhoğlu A, 1996. Çapraz Akışlı Membran Biyoreaktörde Denitrifikasyon Prosesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi (Basılmış).
  • Nuhoğlu A, Pekdemir T, Yıldız E, Keskinler B, Akay G, 2002. Drinking Water Denitrification by Membrane Bioreactor. Water Research, 36: 1155-1166.
  • Orhon D, Sözen S, Ubayo E, 1994. Assessment of Nitrification - Denitrification Potential of Istanbul Domestic Waste Water. Water Science and Technology, 30 (6): 21-30.
  • Ovez B, Mergaert J, Sağlam M, 2006. Biological Denitrification in Drinking Water Treatment Using The Seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa as Carbon Source And Biofilm Carrier. Water Environment Research, 78 (4): 430-434.
  • Pekdemir T, Kuru-Kaçmazoğlu E, Keskinler B, Algur ÖF, 1998. Drinking Water Denitrification in a Fixed Bed Packed Biofilm Reactor. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 22 (1): 39-45
  • Rahimi S, Modin O, Mijakovic I, 2020. Technologies For Biological Removal and Recovery of Nitrogen From Wastewater. Biotechnology Advances, 43 (2020) 107570: 1-25.
  • Robinson PK, Dainty AL, Goulding KH, Simpkins I, Trevan MD, 1985. Physiology of Alginate-Immobilized Chlorella. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 7: 212-216.
  • Rogalla F, De Larminat G, Couttelle J, Godart H, 1991. Experience with Nitrate-Removal Methods From Drinking Water. In: Bogardi I, Kuzelka RD Editors. Nitrat Contamination: Exposure, Consequence and Control, North Atlantic Treaty Organization ASI Series, Vol. G:30, pp. 367-383. Berlin-Germany.
  • Sadler R, Maetam B, Edokpolo B, Connell D, Yu J, Stewart D, Park MJ, Gray D, Laksono B, 2016. Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to Nitrate in Drinking Water From Village Wells in Semarang, Indonesia. Environment Pollution, 216 (2016):738-745.
  • Schroeder A, Souza DH, Fernandes M, Rodrigues EB, Trevisan V, Skoronski E, 2020. Application of Glycerol as Carbon Source for Continuous Drinking Water Denitrification Using Microorganism From Natural Biomass. Journal of Environmental Management, 256 (2020): 1-8.
  • Shams DF, Rubio A, Elefsiniotis P, Singhal N, 2016. Post-Denitrification Using Alginate Beads Containing Organic Carbon and Activated Sludge Microorganisms. Water Science and Technology, 74 (7): 1626-1635.
  • Shrimali M, Singh KP, 2001. New Methods of Nitrate Removal From Water. Environmental Pollution 112 (2001):351-359.
  • Stewart PS, 2003. Diffusion in Biofilm. Journal of Bacteriology, 185 (5): 1485-1491. DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.5.1485–1491.
  • Uslu O ve Türkmen A, 1987. Su Kirliliği ve Kontrolü. T. C. Başbakanlık Çevre Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları Eğitim Dizisi, s. 151, Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Van Der Hoek JP, Kappelhof JWNM, Hijnen WAM,1992. Biological Nitrate Removal From Groundwater by Sulphur/Limestone Denitrification. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 54 (2): 197-200.
  • Van Der Hoek JP, Van Der Ven PJM, Klapwijk A, 1988. Combined Ion Exchange/Biological Denitrification for Nitrate Removal From Ground Water Under Different Process Conditions. Water Research, 22 (6): 679-684.
  • Van Rijn J, Tal Y, Schreier HJ, 2006. Denitrification in Recirculating Systems: Theory and applications. Aquacultural Engineering, 34 (3): 364-376.
  • Van Spanning RJM, Wansel C, Harms N, Oltmann LF, Stouthamer AH, 1990. Mutagenesis of Gene Encoding Cytochrome c550 of Paracoccus denitrificans and Analysis of The Resultant Physiological Effects. Journal of Bacteriology, 172 (2): 987-996.
  • Wakao N, Endo K, Mino K, Sakurai Y, Shiota H, 1994. Immobilization of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Using Various Polymers as Matrix. The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology, 40: 349-358.
  • Wang J, Chu L, 2016. Biological Nitrate Removal From Water and Wastewater by Solid-Phase Denitrification Process. Biotechnology Advances, 34: 1103-1112.
  • Wang R, Feng Q, Liao T, Zheng X, Butterbach-Bahl K, Zhang W, Jin C, 2013. Effects of Nitrate Concentration on The Denitrification Potential of a Calcic Cambisol and Its Fractions of N2, N2O and NO. Plant Soil, 363: 175-189.
  • Wijffels RH, Hunik JH, Leenen EJTM, Günther A, Obon de Castro JM, Tramper J, Englund G, Bakketun A, 1995. Effects of Diffusion Limitation on İmmobilized Nitrifying Microorganisms at Low Temperatures. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 45:1-5
  • Wilderer PA, 1995. Technology of Membrane Biofilm Reactors Operated Under Periodically Changing Process Conditions. Water Science and Technology, 31 (1): 173-183.
  • Xu Y, Qiu TL, Han ML, Li J, Wang XM, 2011. Heterotrophic Denitrification of Nitrate-Contaminated Water Using Different Solid Carbon Sources. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 10 (1): 72-77.
  • Xu ZX, Shao L, Yin HL, Chu HQ, Yao YJ, 2009. Biological Denitrification Using Cornobs as a Carbon Source and Biofilm Carrier. Water Environment Research, 81 (3): 242-247.
  • Yang PY, Ma T, See TS, Nitisaravut N, 1994. Applying Entrapped Mixed Microbial Cell Techniques for Biological Wastewater Treatment. Water Science and Technology, 29 (10-11): 487-495.
  • Zhang H, Zhao Z, Chen S, Kang P, Wang Y, Feng J, Jia J, Yan M, Wang Y, Xu L, 2018. Paracoccus versutus KS293 Adaptation to Aerobic and Anaerobic Denitrification: Insights From Nitrogen Removal, Functional Gene Abundance, and Proteomic Profiling Analysis. Bioresource Technology, 260:321-328.
  • Zhang TC, Bishop PL, 1994. Experimental Determination of The Dissolved Oxygen Boundary Layer And Mass Transfer Resistance Near The Fluid-Biofilm Interface. Water Science and Technology, 30 (11): 47-58.
  • Zhu, SM, Deng YL, Ruan YJ, Guo XS, Shi MM, Shen JZ, 2015. Biological Denitrification Using Poly(Butylene Succinate) as Carbon Source and Biofilm Carrier for Recirculating Aquaculture System Effluent Treatment. Bioresource Technology, 192: 603-610.
Toplam 74 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çevre Mühendisliği
Bölüm Çevre Mühendisliği / Environment Engineering
Yazarlar

Emine Kaçmazoğlu 0000-0002-9718-6790

Proje Numarası Yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2021
Kabul Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaçmazoğlu, E. (2021). Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(4), 2632-2644. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.976603
AMA Kaçmazoğlu E. Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. Aralık 2021;11(4):2632-2644. doi:10.21597/jist.976603
Chicago Kaçmazoğlu, Emine. “Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus Denitrificans Ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11, sy. 4 (Aralık 2021): 2632-44. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.976603.
EndNote Kaçmazoğlu E (01 Aralık 2021) Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11 4 2632–2644.
IEEE E. Kaçmazoğlu, “Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., c. 11, sy. 4, ss. 2632–2644, 2021, doi: 10.21597/jist.976603.
ISNAD Kaçmazoğlu, Emine. “Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus Denitrificans Ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 11/4 (Aralık 2021), 2632-2644. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.976603.
JAMA Kaçmazoğlu E. Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2021;11:2632–2644.
MLA Kaçmazoğlu, Emine. “Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus Denitrificans Ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, c. 11, sy. 4, 2021, ss. 2632-44, doi:10.21597/jist.976603.
Vancouver Kaçmazoğlu E. Kalsiyum Aljinatta Tutuklanmış Paracoccus denitrificans ile Sabit Yatak Biyoreaktörde İçme Sularından Nitrat Giderimi. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2021;11(4):2632-44.