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Suudi Medyasının Cemal Kaşıkçı Cinayetini Veriş Şekli: Arab News Gazetesi Örneği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 599 - 611, 30.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.840718

Öz

Bu çalışma, medyanın basın özgürlüğü bağlamında zorluklar yaşadığı otoriter rejimlerde nasıl çalıştığını anlamak için Suudi Arab News gazetesinin Cemal Kaşıkçı’nın katli karşısındaki tutumunu içerik analizi yaparak öğrenmeye çalışmaktadır. Delillere göre Suudi Arabistanlı ajanlar meşhur gazeteci Cemal Kaşıkçı’yı 2 Ekim 2018 tarihinde İstanbul’daki Suudi konsolosluğunda başını kesmek ve vücudunu asitle yok etmek suretiyle öldürdüler. Araştırmamız gösteriyor ki cinayetten veliaht prens Muhammed Bin Salman sorumlu gösterilince, Arab News gazetesi onu ve Suudi rejimini köşe yazıları ve haberlerle savunmak için harekete geçti. Çalışma on yazar tarafından yazılmış söz konusu köşe yazılarından 36’sını incelemiş ve gazetenin rejimi ve Suudi yetkilileri nasıl savunduklarını ortaya çıkarmaya çalışmıştır. Köşe yazılarından anlaşıldığı kadarıyla yazarlar Suudi hükümetinin demeçlerini sorgulamamışlar ve bunu köşelerinde savunmuşlardır. Diğer yandan aynı yazarlar bilhassa Türkiye’yi, Katar’ı ve diğer ülkeleri ülkelerini köşeye sıkıştırmakla itham etmişler ve onlara karşı suçlayıcı ve saldırgan bir tutum sergilemişlerdir. Yazarların öfkeli, taraflı ve Suudi rejimine yapılan eleştirileri kabullenmedikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Köşe yazıları Suudi Arabistan’daki basın özgürlüğü hakkında da fikir sahibi olunmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. 

Kaynakça

  • ABBAS, F. (2019a). Male guardianship should be abolished, but not because of Rahaf. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1433456.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019b). Playing political football with Paterno’s Saudi visit. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1438846.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019c). Going east does not mean snubbing the west. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1457446.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019d). Saudi Arabia is not just a US Partner, but a strategic ally. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1545101.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019e). That Jamal i knew: Gentle, generous and just. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1562746.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019f). Don’t overanalyze the Saudi media forum. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1595241.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019g). Justice for Jamal. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1603151.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018a). On the curious case of Khashoggi’s disappearance. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1386291.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018b). You don’t honor Khashoggi by insulting his country. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1391201.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018c). What does a post-Khashoggi Saudi Arabia look like? Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1395011.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018d). How Saudis won the ‘endurance’ race at formula E. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1421396.
  • ALAMUDDIN, B. (2018). Prominent US liberals targeted by terrorism. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1395276.
  • AL-HABTOUR, K.A. (2018a). Who or what drives this media feeding frenzy? Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1387641.
  • AL-HABTOUR, K.A. (2018b). A tribute to Saudi Arabia’s great reformer. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1406861.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018a). The media has already killed Khashoggi. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1386186.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018b). Exaggerations around the case of the late Jamal Khashoggi. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1391011.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018c). Iran’s gains in the Khashoggi crisis. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1392121.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018d). Riyadh conference and the protest boycott. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1393281.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018e). The three stances nations have taken on Khashoggi. https://www.arabnews.com/node/1400191.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018f). Expectations over the Khashoggi crisis. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1405891.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018g). What does Mohammed Bin Salman’s presence at the G20 summit tell us? Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1413456.
  • AL-SHEHRI, H. (2019). A message to those who were exploiting the Khashoggi case. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1603196.
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018a). Freedom of expression was my friend Jamal’s defining principle. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1392071
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018b). Why greater Saudi-US engagement is needed now, more than ever. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1396521.
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018c). Issue of freedom of speech at the heart of Khashoggi debates. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1400251.
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018d). GCC’s remarkable commitment that could reflect new thinking. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1418596.
  • BBC (2019). Saudi Arabia profile – media. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east 14703480#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20one%20of,Global%20Media%20Insight%2C%202018).
  • BEDRI, M. N. (2015). Al Jazeera between serving Qatar, An advocate of arabism and political islam or democratic values. An examination of scholarly works on three models in contention. Master’s Thesis, University of Cardiff, Cardiff.
  • BOSTOCK, B. (2020). A top Saudi intelligence official who fled to Canada in 2017 is suing Mohammed Bin Salman, saying the crown prince sent an elite squad to kill him 2 weeks after Khashoggi's death. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/saad-al-jabri-saudi-spy-official-sues-mbs-assassination-claim-2020-8.
  • CRAIG, G. (2004). The media, politics and public life. Crow’s nest: Allen&Unwin.
  • DELLAVIGNA, S. and KAPLAN, E. (2007). The fox news effect: Media bias and voting. University of Berkeley. Retrieved from http://eml.berkeley.edu/~ekaplan/wbpaper.pdf.
  • EL-MENAWY, A. (2018). True friends: The significance of crown prince Mohammed Bin Salman’s visit to Egypt. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1412146.
  • HANANIA, R. (2019a). Al-Jubeir stands up to US media ‘soap opera’. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1452121i
  • HANANIA, R. (2019b). Crown prince’s interview: Tough questions, straight answers. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1562151.
  • JEBRIL, N., STETKA, V. and LOVELESS, M. (2013). Media and democratization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • KANE, F. (2019a). The incentive for KSA to go early to global bond markets. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1437356.
  • KANE, F. (2019b). Lessons learned in Saudi Aramco’s monster bond offering. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1480796.
  • KANE, F. (2019c). Of fink and finance: The Riyadh Ritz-Carlton’s latest forum success. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1488191
  • KANE, F. (2019d). Aramco’s historic IPO — The view from the ADIPEC stand. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1583156.
  • KANE, F. (2019e). Now we will begin to understand the true significance of Aramco’s IPO. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1595721.
  • KANE, F. (2018). US market fragility a matter of concern for Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1396676.
  • KARATAŞ, İ. (2017). 28 şubat sürecinde muhafazakâr medyanin tutumu: Yeni Şafak ve Zaman gazetesi örnekleri. Master’s Thesis, Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul.
  • KHASHOGGI J. and CHERKAOUI M. (2018). Jamal Khashoggi: The intellectual and his ‘incomplete’ chapter…! report. Doha: Al Jazeera Center for Studies.
  • LEESON, P. T. (2008). Media freedom, political knowledge, and participation. journal of economic perspectives, 22(2), 155-169.
  • MCLUHAN, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • MCLUHAN, M. (1954). Counterblast. Berkeley: Gingko Press.
  • MEYER, C. (2018a). Why the World Bank / IMF annual meeting matters. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1387236.
  • MEYER, C. (2018b). Volatility is the name of the game in oil markets. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1388331.
  • OMAR, I. (2019). Khashoggi’s death and its repercussions on the Saudi position with Turkey. Analysis No: 234. Ankara: ORSAM.
  • ROHLINGER, D. (2006). Friends and foes: Media, politics, and tactics in the abortion war. Social Problems, 53(4), 537-561.
  • SIEBERT, F., PETERSON, T. and SCHRAMM, W. (1963). Four theories of the press. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  • SULTOON, S. (2018). Global magnitsky sanctions: Raising the human rights and anti-corruption bar. Washington: Atlantic Council.
  • TELCI, İ. N. (2018). The murder of jamal khashoggi and the future of Middle East politics. Analysis No: 47. Istanbul: SETA.
  • WOLFSHELD, G. (2014). Political leaders, media, and conflict. Brussels: Infocore.

How Saudi Media Covered the Murder of Jamal Khashoggi: The Case of Arab News

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 599 - 611, 30.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.840718

Öz

Evidences show that Saudi agents killed prominent journalist Jamal Khashoggi in Saudi Arabia’s Istanbul consulate on October 2, 2018. As the Crown Prince Muhammad Bin Salman was blamed for the murder, Arab News newspaper took a defensive position to defend the crown prince and the Saudi regime through news reports and columns. This study has analyzed 36 articles of ten columnists of Arab News to learn how Saudi journalists defended their regime and the Saudi officials charged for the murder. This research indicates that they received the concerning statements of the Saudi regime as true and tried to justify them in their columns. On the other hand, columnists blamed Turkey, Qatar, and other critics for clamping down Saudi Arabia. When columnists’ attitudes are examined, it can be seen that they look furious, closed to opposite views, and biased. Their columns also give some idea about the press freedom in Saudi Arabia. This study is expected to reveal how media operates in Saudi Arabia via the content analysis of columns of Arab News regarding Khashoggi’s murder.

Kaynakça

  • ABBAS, F. (2019a). Male guardianship should be abolished, but not because of Rahaf. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1433456.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019b). Playing political football with Paterno’s Saudi visit. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1438846.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019c). Going east does not mean snubbing the west. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1457446.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019d). Saudi Arabia is not just a US Partner, but a strategic ally. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1545101.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019e). That Jamal i knew: Gentle, generous and just. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1562746.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019f). Don’t overanalyze the Saudi media forum. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1595241.
  • ABBAS, F. (2019g). Justice for Jamal. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1603151.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018a). On the curious case of Khashoggi’s disappearance. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1386291.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018b). You don’t honor Khashoggi by insulting his country. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1391201.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018c). What does a post-Khashoggi Saudi Arabia look like? Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1395011.
  • ABBAS, F. (2018d). How Saudis won the ‘endurance’ race at formula E. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1421396.
  • ALAMUDDIN, B. (2018). Prominent US liberals targeted by terrorism. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1395276.
  • AL-HABTOUR, K.A. (2018a). Who or what drives this media feeding frenzy? Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1387641.
  • AL-HABTOUR, K.A. (2018b). A tribute to Saudi Arabia’s great reformer. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1406861.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018a). The media has already killed Khashoggi. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1386186.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018b). Exaggerations around the case of the late Jamal Khashoggi. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1391011.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018c). Iran’s gains in the Khashoggi crisis. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1392121.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018d). Riyadh conference and the protest boycott. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1393281.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018e). The three stances nations have taken on Khashoggi. https://www.arabnews.com/node/1400191.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018f). Expectations over the Khashoggi crisis. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1405891.
  • AL-RASHED, A. (2018g). What does Mohammed Bin Salman’s presence at the G20 summit tell us? Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1413456.
  • AL-SHEHRI, H. (2019). A message to those who were exploiting the Khashoggi case. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1603196.
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018a). Freedom of expression was my friend Jamal’s defining principle. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1392071
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018b). Why greater Saudi-US engagement is needed now, more than ever. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1396521.
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018c). Issue of freedom of speech at the heart of Khashoggi debates. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1400251.
  • ALUWAISHEG, A. (2018d). GCC’s remarkable commitment that could reflect new thinking. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1418596.
  • BBC (2019). Saudi Arabia profile – media. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east 14703480#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20one%20of,Global%20Media%20Insight%2C%202018).
  • BEDRI, M. N. (2015). Al Jazeera between serving Qatar, An advocate of arabism and political islam or democratic values. An examination of scholarly works on three models in contention. Master’s Thesis, University of Cardiff, Cardiff.
  • BOSTOCK, B. (2020). A top Saudi intelligence official who fled to Canada in 2017 is suing Mohammed Bin Salman, saying the crown prince sent an elite squad to kill him 2 weeks after Khashoggi's death. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/saad-al-jabri-saudi-spy-official-sues-mbs-assassination-claim-2020-8.
  • CRAIG, G. (2004). The media, politics and public life. Crow’s nest: Allen&Unwin.
  • DELLAVIGNA, S. and KAPLAN, E. (2007). The fox news effect: Media bias and voting. University of Berkeley. Retrieved from http://eml.berkeley.edu/~ekaplan/wbpaper.pdf.
  • EL-MENAWY, A. (2018). True friends: The significance of crown prince Mohammed Bin Salman’s visit to Egypt. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1412146.
  • HANANIA, R. (2019a). Al-Jubeir stands up to US media ‘soap opera’. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1452121i
  • HANANIA, R. (2019b). Crown prince’s interview: Tough questions, straight answers. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1562151.
  • JEBRIL, N., STETKA, V. and LOVELESS, M. (2013). Media and democratization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • KANE, F. (2019a). The incentive for KSA to go early to global bond markets. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1437356.
  • KANE, F. (2019b). Lessons learned in Saudi Aramco’s monster bond offering. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1480796.
  • KANE, F. (2019c). Of fink and finance: The Riyadh Ritz-Carlton’s latest forum success. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1488191
  • KANE, F. (2019d). Aramco’s historic IPO — The view from the ADIPEC stand. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1583156.
  • KANE, F. (2019e). Now we will begin to understand the true significance of Aramco’s IPO. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1595721.
  • KANE, F. (2018). US market fragility a matter of concern for Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1396676.
  • KARATAŞ, İ. (2017). 28 şubat sürecinde muhafazakâr medyanin tutumu: Yeni Şafak ve Zaman gazetesi örnekleri. Master’s Thesis, Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul.
  • KHASHOGGI J. and CHERKAOUI M. (2018). Jamal Khashoggi: The intellectual and his ‘incomplete’ chapter…! report. Doha: Al Jazeera Center for Studies.
  • LEESON, P. T. (2008). Media freedom, political knowledge, and participation. journal of economic perspectives, 22(2), 155-169.
  • MCLUHAN, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • MCLUHAN, M. (1954). Counterblast. Berkeley: Gingko Press.
  • MEYER, C. (2018a). Why the World Bank / IMF annual meeting matters. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1387236.
  • MEYER, C. (2018b). Volatility is the name of the game in oil markets. Retrieved from https://www.arabnews.com/node/1388331.
  • OMAR, I. (2019). Khashoggi’s death and its repercussions on the Saudi position with Turkey. Analysis No: 234. Ankara: ORSAM.
  • ROHLINGER, D. (2006). Friends and foes: Media, politics, and tactics in the abortion war. Social Problems, 53(4), 537-561.
  • SIEBERT, F., PETERSON, T. and SCHRAMM, W. (1963). Four theories of the press. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  • SULTOON, S. (2018). Global magnitsky sanctions: Raising the human rights and anti-corruption bar. Washington: Atlantic Council.
  • TELCI, İ. N. (2018). The murder of jamal khashoggi and the future of Middle East politics. Analysis No: 47. Istanbul: SETA.
  • WOLFSHELD, G. (2014). Political leaders, media, and conflict. Brussels: Infocore.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İbrahim Karataş 0000-0002-2125-1840

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Ekim 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ekim 2022
Kabul Tarihi 20 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Karataş, İ. (2022). How Saudi Media Covered the Murder of Jamal Khashoggi: The Case of Arab News. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), 599-611. https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.840718

Creative Commons Lisansı
İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.