60 GHz Milimetre Dalga Sistemleri için Artırılmış Işıma Verimliliği ile Yüksek Kazançlı Mikroşerit Yama Anten Tasarımı
Abstract
Bu makalede, 60 GHz uygulamaları için geniş bantlı, yüksek kazançlı bir mikroşerit yama anten tasarımı sunulmaktadır. Seçilen alttabaka malzeme 1.6 mm kalınlığında, 2.2 bağıl geçirgenliğine ve 0.0009 kayıp tanjant değerine sahip Rogers RT 5880'dir. İlk olarak, basit bir dikdörtgen yama anten tasarlanmıştır. Düşük kazanç ve düşük ışıma verimliliği zorluğuyla başa çıkmak için iki adet dikdörtgen parazitik eleman tanıtılmıştır. Bu parazitik elemanlar, ana ışıma elemanıyla etkileşime girer ve kazanç ile ışıma verimliliğini artırır. Son adımda ise geri dönüş kaybı, ışıma verimliliği ve kazancı daha da artırmak için genişletilmiş bir toprak düzlemi yapısı benimsenmiştir. Önerilen anten, 13.6 × 10.6 mm²'lık kompakt boyutuyla 13.10 dBi ’lik yüksek kazanç ve %90’lık maksimum ışıma verimliliği elde etmektedir. Bant genişliği hesaplamaları için, 60 GHz frekans bandının zorlu yayılım ortamı göz önünde bulundurularak, ışıma verimliliği kriteri olarak kullanılan -10 dB kriteri yerine -15 dB kriteri tercih edilmektedir. Bu -15 dB kriterine göre, anten 55 ila 65 GHz aralığını kapsayan geniş bantlı bir davranış sergileyerek 10 GHz'lik etkileyici bir empedans bant genişliği sunmaktadır. Bu tasarım, 60 GHz uygulamaları için önemli bir potansiyel sunmaktadır.
References
- 1. Alassawi, S., Ali, W. and Rizk, M. (2021). Compact Circular Ring Antenna for 5G Mobile Communication Applications. Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics, 13, 3021–3029. https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.13(3).03029
- 2. Alsaedi, W. K., Ahmadi, H., Khan, Z.and Grace, D. (2023). Spectrum Options and Allocations for 6G: A Regulatory and Standardization Review. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 4, 1787–1812. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2023.3301630
- 3. Attaran, M. (2022). Blockchain technology in healthcare: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 15(1), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2020.1843887
- 4. Carneiro Souza, L., Lopes, C., Santos, R., Junior, A. and Mendes, L. (2022). A Study on Propagation Models for 60 GHz Signals in Indoor Environments. Frontiers in Communications and Networks, 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/frcmn.2021.757842
- 5. Colaco, J. and Lohani, R. (2020). Design and Implementation of Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G applications. In 2020 5th International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) (pp. 682–685). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCES48766.2020.9137921
- 6. Elayan, H., Amin, O., Shihada, B., Shubair, R. M. and Alouini, M.-S. (2020). Terahertz Band: The Last Piece of RF Spectrum Puzzle for Communication Systems. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 1, 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2019.2953633
- 7. Ghassemi, N. and Wu, K. (2012). High-Efficient Patch Antenna Array for E-Band Gigabyte Point-to-Point Wireless Services. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 1261–1264. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2012.2224087
- 8. Gomez-Barquero, D., Navratil, D., Appleby, S. and Stagg, M. (2018). Point-to-Multipoint Communication Enablers for the Fifth Generation of Wireless Systems. IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, 2(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOMSTD.2018.1700069
- 9. Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. and Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
- 10. Hussein, E. D., Qasem, N., Jameel, M. S., Ilyas, M. and Bayat, O. (2020). Performance Optimization of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Frequency Selective Surfaces for 60 GHz. In 2020 28th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU) (pp. 1–4). https://doi.org/10.1109/SIU49456.2020.9302486
- 11. Khan, M., Islam, K., Shovon, M., Baz, M. and Masud, M. (2021). Design of a Novel 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Q-Slot Antenna for Body-Centric Communications. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2021, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9795959
- 12. Oladimeji, T., Kumar, P. and Oyie, N. (2022). Propagation path loss prediction modelling in enclosed environments for 5G networks: A review. Heliyon, 8, e11581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11581
- 13. Saini, J. and Agarwal, S. (2018). Design a Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna at 60 GHz for Millimeter Wave Mobile Communication (pp. 491–496). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7395-3_55
- 14. Saini, J. and Agarwal, S. K. (2017). Design a single band microstrip patch antenna at 60 GHz millimeter wave for 5G application. In 2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix) (pp. 227–230). https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003969
- 15. Vu Khanh, Q., Hoai Nam, V., Dao, L., Le, A. and Jeon, G. (2022). Wireless Communication Technologies for IoT in 5G: Vision, Applications, and Challenges. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3229294
MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA DESIGN WITH ENHANCED RADIATION EFFICIENCY FOR 5G 60 GHZ MILLIMETER-WAVE SYSTEMS
Abstract
In this paper, a wideband, high-gain microstrip patch antenna design for 60 GHz applications is presented. The chosen substrate material is Rogers RT 5880, with a thickness of 1.6 mm, a relative permittivity of 2.2, and a loss tangent of 0.0009. Initially, a simple rectangular patch antenna is designed. To address the challenges of low gain and low radiation efficiency, two rectangular parasitic elements are introduced. These parasitic elements interact with the main radiator, resulting in improved gain and radiation efficiency. In the final step, an extended ground plane structure is adopted to further enhance return loss, radiation efficiency, and gain. The proposed antenna achieves a high gain of 13.10 dBi and a maximum radiation efficiency of 90% with a compact size of 13.6 × 10.6 mm2. For bandwidth calculations, given that the 60 GHz frequency band is known for its challenging propagation environment, the -15 dB criteria is chosen instead of the commonly used -10 dB criterion. According to this -15 dB criterion, the antenna exhibits wideband behavior spanning from 55 to 65 GHz, offering animpressive impedance bandwidth of 10 GHz. This design demonstrates significant potential for 60 GHz applications.
References
- 1. Alassawi, S., Ali, W. and Rizk, M. (2021). Compact Circular Ring Antenna for 5G Mobile Communication Applications. Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics, 13, 3021–3029. https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.13(3).03029
- 2. Alsaedi, W. K., Ahmadi, H., Khan, Z.and Grace, D. (2023). Spectrum Options and Allocations for 6G: A Regulatory and Standardization Review. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 4, 1787–1812. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2023.3301630
- 3. Attaran, M. (2022). Blockchain technology in healthcare: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 15(1), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2020.1843887
- 4. Carneiro Souza, L., Lopes, C., Santos, R., Junior, A. and Mendes, L. (2022). A Study on Propagation Models for 60 GHz Signals in Indoor Environments. Frontiers in Communications and Networks, 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/frcmn.2021.757842
- 5. Colaco, J. and Lohani, R. (2020). Design and Implementation of Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G applications. In 2020 5th International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) (pp. 682–685). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCES48766.2020.9137921
- 6. Elayan, H., Amin, O., Shihada, B., Shubair, R. M. and Alouini, M.-S. (2020). Terahertz Band: The Last Piece of RF Spectrum Puzzle for Communication Systems. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 1, 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2019.2953633
- 7. Ghassemi, N. and Wu, K. (2012). High-Efficient Patch Antenna Array for E-Band Gigabyte Point-to-Point Wireless Services. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 1261–1264. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2012.2224087
- 8. Gomez-Barquero, D., Navratil, D., Appleby, S. and Stagg, M. (2018). Point-to-Multipoint Communication Enablers for the Fifth Generation of Wireless Systems. IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, 2(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOMSTD.2018.1700069
- 9. Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. and Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
- 10. Hussein, E. D., Qasem, N., Jameel, M. S., Ilyas, M. and Bayat, O. (2020). Performance Optimization of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Frequency Selective Surfaces for 60 GHz. In 2020 28th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU) (pp. 1–4). https://doi.org/10.1109/SIU49456.2020.9302486
- 11. Khan, M., Islam, K., Shovon, M., Baz, M. and Masud, M. (2021). Design of a Novel 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Q-Slot Antenna for Body-Centric Communications. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2021, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9795959
- 12. Oladimeji, T., Kumar, P. and Oyie, N. (2022). Propagation path loss prediction modelling in enclosed environments for 5G networks: A review. Heliyon, 8, e11581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11581
- 13. Saini, J. and Agarwal, S. (2018). Design a Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna at 60 GHz for Millimeter Wave Mobile Communication (pp. 491–496). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7395-3_55
- 14. Saini, J. and Agarwal, S. K. (2017). Design a single band microstrip patch antenna at 60 GHz millimeter wave for 5G application. In 2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix) (pp. 227–230). https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003969
- 15. Vu Khanh, Q., Hoai Nam, V., Dao, L., Le, A. and Jeon, G. (2022). Wireless Communication Technologies for IoT in 5G: Vision, Applications, and Challenges. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3229294
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Communications Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | March 28, 2024 |
| Publication Date | April 22, 2024 |
| Submission Date | September 26, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | February 22, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 29 Issue: 1 |
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