Investigation of the Effect of Sintering Additive on the Microstructure and the Antibacterial Behavior of Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride Ceramics
Abstract
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is a superior non-oxide ceramic material generally preferred for high temperature and structural applications. Besides being a very hard material, it is also possible to achieve relatively high toughness values among the ceramic materials by the formation of elongated beta () grains. In addition to these properties, by the understanding of its biocompatibility, the studies to increase the application potential of these materials as bio ceramics is also increased in the last decade. In this study, production of porous Si3N4 ceramics which is advantageous by means of the integration of these materials with the surrounding biological tissue was aimed using reaction bonding technique. The effect of CaO, Y2O3 ve CeO2 sintering additives on the physical and microstructural properties and as a result of these two facts, the antibacterial behavior was investigated. Obtained results revealed that CeO2 is a disadvantageous and Y2O3 is an advantageous sintering additive for both the E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. CaO system is resulted in decreased bacterial poliferation for E. coli and increased poliferation for S. aureus.
Project Number
2219
References
- Ahmed, W., Zhai, Z. & Gao C. (2019). Adaptive antibacterial biomaterial surfaces and their applications. Materials Today Bio Volume 2, 100017.
- Bock, R.M., McEntire, B.J., Bal, B.S., Rahaman, M.N., Boffelli, M. & Pezzotti, G. (2015). Surface modulation of silicon nitride ceramics for orthopaedic applications, Acta Biomaterialia 26, 318–330.
- Bodišová, K., Kašiarová, M., Domanická, M., Hnatko, M., Lenčéš, Z., Nováková, Z.V., Vojtaššák, J., Gromošová, S. & Šajgalík P. (2013). Porous silicon nitride ceramics designed for bone substitute applications. Ceramics International, Volume 39, Issue 7, 8355-8362.
- Collins, J.F. & Gerby, R.W. (1955). New Refractory Uses for Silicon Nitride, Reported Journals of Met., 7, 612-615.
- Deeley, G.G, Herbert, J.M. & Moore, N.C. (1961). Dense Silicon Nitride. Powder Metall., 8, 145-151.
- Gazzara, C.P. & Messier, D.R. (1977). Determination of phase content of Si3N4 by X-ray diffraction analysis. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 56(9), 777-780.
- Gorth, D.J., Puckett, S., Ercan, B., Webster, T.J., Rahaman, M. & Bal, B.S. (2012). Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 7, 4829-40.
- Guedes e Silva, C.C., Higa, O.Z. & Bressiani, J.C. (2004). Cytotoxic evaluation of silicon nitride-based ceramics. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 24(5), 643-646.
- Guoa, W.M., Wu, L.X., Ma, T., You, Y. & Lin, H.T. (2016). Rapid fabrication of Si3N4 ceramics by reaction-bonding and pressureless sintering. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 36, 3919-3924.
- Hampshire, S. (2007). Silicon nitride ceramics–review of structure, processing and properties. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Vol. 24, 1, 43-50.
- Jennings, H.M. (1983). Review. On reactions between silicon and nitrogen, part 1: Mechanisms. J. Mat. Sci, 18 (4), 951-967.
- Kue, R., Sohrabi, A., Nagle, D., Frondoza, C. & Hungerford, D. (1999). Enhanced proliferation and osteocalcin production by human osteoblast-like MG63 cells on silicon nitride ceramic discs. Biomaterials, Volume 20, Issue 13, 1195-1201.
- Mazzocchi, M. & Bellosi, A. (2008). On the Possibility of Silicon Nitride as a Ceramic for Structural Orthopaedic Implants. Part I: Processing, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Cytotoxicity. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 19, 2881-2887.
- Mobbs, R.J., Rao, P.J., Phan, K., Hardcastle, P., Choy, W.J., McCartney, E.R., Druitt, R.K., Mouatt, C.A.L. & Sorrell, C.C. (2018). Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride Implants: Long-Term Case Series of the First Synthetic Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Spacer Implanted in Humans. World Neurosurg, 120:256-264.
- Moulson, J. (1979) Review, Reaction - bonded silicon nitride, its formation and properties. J. Mat. Sci., 14 (5), 1017-1051.
- Pezzotti, G., Marin, E., Adachi, T., Rondinella, A., Boschetto, F., Zhu, W., Sugano, N., Bock, R., McEntire, B. & Bal, B.S. (2017). Bioactive silicon nitride: A new therapeutic material for osteoarthropathy, Scientific Reports, 7, 44848, 1-10.
- Riley, F.L. (2000). Silicon Nitride and Related Materials. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 83, 245–265.
- Saadatian-Elahi, M., Teyssou, R. & Vanhems, P. (2008). Staphylococcus aureus, the major pathogen in orthopaedic and cardiac surgical site infections: A literature review. International Journal of Surgery, Volume 6, Issue 3, 238-245.
- Sohrabi, A., Holland, C., Kue, R., Nagle, D., Hungerford, D.S. & Frondoza, C.G. (2000). Proinflammatory cytokine expression of IL-1β and TNF-α by human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells upon exposure to silicon nitride in vitro. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Volume50, Issue1, 43-49.
- Ziegler, G., Heinrich, J., Wötting, G. (1987). Relationships between processing, microstructure and properties of dense and reaction-bonded silicon nitride. J. Mater. Sci., 22, 3041-3086.
Reaksiyon Bağlı Silisyum Nitrür Seramiklerinde Sinterleme İlavesinin Mikroyapı ve Antibakteriyel Davranışa Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Abstract
Silisyum Nitrür (Si3N4) genellikle yüksek sıcaklık ve yapısal uygulamalarda tercih edilen, üstün özellikli bir oksit dışı seramiktir. Çok sert bir malzeme olmasının yanı sıra, çubuksu beta () tanelerin gelişimi ile seramik malzemeler içinde yüksek kabul edilebilecek tokluk değerleri elde etmek mümkün olabilmektedir. Bu özelliklerine ilave olarak biyo uyumluluğunun da anlaşılması ile birlikte özellikle, bu malzemenin biyoseramik olarak kullanım potansiyelini arttırmak amacıyla son on yılda yapılan çalışmaların sayısı da artmıştır. Bu çalışmada da reaksiyon bağlama tekniği ile, çevre biyolojik dokularla entegrasyon açısından avantajlı olan gözenekli Si3N4 seramiklerinin üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sinterleme ilavesi olarak sisteme yapılan CaO, Y2O3 ve CeO2 katkılarının, elde edilen Si3N4 seramiklerin fiziksel ve mikroyapısal özelliklerine ve bunların sonucu olarak antibakteriyel davranışlarına etkileri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar CeO2’in hem E. coli hem de S. aureus açısından dezavantajlı bir sinterleme ilavesi olduğunu, Y2O3’in ise en avantajlı ilave olduğunu görülmüştür. CaO ilavesi yapılan sistem ise E. coli için düşük, S. aureus için yüksek oranda bakteri üremesi ile sonuçlanmıştır.
Supporting Institution
TÜBİTAK
Project Number
2219
References
- Ahmed, W., Zhai, Z. & Gao C. (2019). Adaptive antibacterial biomaterial surfaces and their applications. Materials Today Bio Volume 2, 100017.
- Bock, R.M., McEntire, B.J., Bal, B.S., Rahaman, M.N., Boffelli, M. & Pezzotti, G. (2015). Surface modulation of silicon nitride ceramics for orthopaedic applications, Acta Biomaterialia 26, 318–330.
- Bodišová, K., Kašiarová, M., Domanická, M., Hnatko, M., Lenčéš, Z., Nováková, Z.V., Vojtaššák, J., Gromošová, S. & Šajgalík P. (2013). Porous silicon nitride ceramics designed for bone substitute applications. Ceramics International, Volume 39, Issue 7, 8355-8362.
- Collins, J.F. & Gerby, R.W. (1955). New Refractory Uses for Silicon Nitride, Reported Journals of Met., 7, 612-615.
- Deeley, G.G, Herbert, J.M. & Moore, N.C. (1961). Dense Silicon Nitride. Powder Metall., 8, 145-151.
- Gazzara, C.P. & Messier, D.R. (1977). Determination of phase content of Si3N4 by X-ray diffraction analysis. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 56(9), 777-780.
- Gorth, D.J., Puckett, S., Ercan, B., Webster, T.J., Rahaman, M. & Bal, B.S. (2012). Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 7, 4829-40.
- Guedes e Silva, C.C., Higa, O.Z. & Bressiani, J.C. (2004). Cytotoxic evaluation of silicon nitride-based ceramics. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 24(5), 643-646.
- Guoa, W.M., Wu, L.X., Ma, T., You, Y. & Lin, H.T. (2016). Rapid fabrication of Si3N4 ceramics by reaction-bonding and pressureless sintering. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 36, 3919-3924.
- Hampshire, S. (2007). Silicon nitride ceramics–review of structure, processing and properties. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Vol. 24, 1, 43-50.
- Jennings, H.M. (1983). Review. On reactions between silicon and nitrogen, part 1: Mechanisms. J. Mat. Sci, 18 (4), 951-967.
- Kue, R., Sohrabi, A., Nagle, D., Frondoza, C. & Hungerford, D. (1999). Enhanced proliferation and osteocalcin production by human osteoblast-like MG63 cells on silicon nitride ceramic discs. Biomaterials, Volume 20, Issue 13, 1195-1201.
- Mazzocchi, M. & Bellosi, A. (2008). On the Possibility of Silicon Nitride as a Ceramic for Structural Orthopaedic Implants. Part I: Processing, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Cytotoxicity. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 19, 2881-2887.
- Mobbs, R.J., Rao, P.J., Phan, K., Hardcastle, P., Choy, W.J., McCartney, E.R., Druitt, R.K., Mouatt, C.A.L. & Sorrell, C.C. (2018). Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride Implants: Long-Term Case Series of the First Synthetic Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Spacer Implanted in Humans. World Neurosurg, 120:256-264.
- Moulson, J. (1979) Review, Reaction - bonded silicon nitride, its formation and properties. J. Mat. Sci., 14 (5), 1017-1051.
- Pezzotti, G., Marin, E., Adachi, T., Rondinella, A., Boschetto, F., Zhu, W., Sugano, N., Bock, R., McEntire, B. & Bal, B.S. (2017). Bioactive silicon nitride: A new therapeutic material for osteoarthropathy, Scientific Reports, 7, 44848, 1-10.
- Riley, F.L. (2000). Silicon Nitride and Related Materials. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 83, 245–265.
- Saadatian-Elahi, M., Teyssou, R. & Vanhems, P. (2008). Staphylococcus aureus, the major pathogen in orthopaedic and cardiac surgical site infections: A literature review. International Journal of Surgery, Volume 6, Issue 3, 238-245.
- Sohrabi, A., Holland, C., Kue, R., Nagle, D., Hungerford, D.S. & Frondoza, C.G. (2000). Proinflammatory cytokine expression of IL-1β and TNF-α by human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells upon exposure to silicon nitride in vitro. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Volume50, Issue1, 43-49.
- Ziegler, G., Heinrich, J., Wötting, G. (1987). Relationships between processing, microstructure and properties of dense and reaction-bonded silicon nitride. J. Mater. Sci., 22, 3041-3086.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Materials Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 2219 |
| Publication Date | June 18, 2021 |
| Submission Date | September 23, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 13 Issue: 2 |
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