Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 74 - 82, 01.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.1223399

Abstract

References

  • Kabir, E., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., Adelodun, A. A., Kim, K. H., “Solar energy: Potential and future prospects”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, (2018), 894-900.
  • Van Vuuren, D. J., Marnewick, A. L., Pretorius, J. H. C., “Validation of a Simulation-Based Pre-Assessment Process for Solar Photovoltaic Technology Implemented on Rooftops of South African Shopping Centres.” Sustainability, 13(5), (2021), 2589.
  • Kose, F., Aksoy, M. H., Ozgoren, M., “Experimental investigation of solar/wind hybrid system for irrigation in Konya, Turkey.” Thermal Science, 23(6 Part B), (2019), 4129–4139.
  • GEPA, “Solar Energy Potential Atlas”, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, https://gepa.enerji.gov.tr/MyCalculator [Accessed: 25 December 2022].
  • Çeçen, M., Yavuz, C., Tırmıkçı, C. A., Sarıkaya, S., Yanıkoğlu, E., “Analysis and evaluation of distributed photovoltaic generation in electrical energy production and related regulations of Turkey”. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, (2022), 1-16.
  • Yong, C., Desen, J., Wen, L., Yunlong, C., “Research on the cost of distributed photovoltaic plant of China based on whole life cycle perspective”. IEEE Access, 7, (2019), 89379-89389.
  • Li, J., “Optimal sizing of grid-connected photovoltaic battery systems for residential houses in Australia.” Renewable energy, 136, (2019), 1245-1254.
  • Rödl, A., Kaltschmitt, M., Schaumburg, H., “Strategy for A Large Scale Introduction Of Solar Energy In Central Asia.” MANAS Journal of Engineering, 5(3), (2017), 48-56.
  • Jaxa-Rozen, M., Trutnevyte, E., “Sources of uncertainty in long-term global scenarios of solar photovoltaic technology”. Nature Climate Change, 11(3), (2021), 266-273.
  • Kılıç, U., Kekezoğlu, B., “A review of solar photovoltaic incentives and Policy: Selected countries and Turkey”. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(5), (2022), 101669.
  • Pandey, A., Pandey, P., Tumuluru, J. S., “Solar energy production in India and commonly used technologies—An overview.” Energies, 15(2), (2022), 500.
  • Kaya, M. N., Aksoy, M. H., Köse, F., “Renewable Energy in Turkey: Potential, Current Status and Future Aspects.” Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara – International Journal of Engineering Time. 15, (2017), 65–69.
  • Kaymak, M. K., Şahin, A. D., “The First Design and Application of Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) Energy Generation Systems in Turkey with Structural and Electrical Performance”. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 9(3), (2022), 827-839.
  • Çiçek, O., Mıllad, M. A. M., Erken, F. "Energy prediction based on modelling and simulation analysis of an actual grid-connected photovoltaic power plant in Turkey". European Journal of Technique (EJT), 9, (2019), 159-174.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, “Solar Energy” https://enerji.gov.tr/eigm- yenilenebilir-enerji-kaynaklar-gunes, [Accessed: 25 December 2022]. (in Turkish).
  • Doğan S, Yağmur S. Aksoy M. H., Köse F. Solmaz O., “Solar Energy Potential in Turkey and Manufacturability Research for Equipments of Photovoltaic Panel in Konya Province” III. International Congress on Environmental Research and Technology ICERAT 2017, Belgrade, Serbia, November 08-12, 2017. pp. 35.
  • Enerji Atlası, “YEKA”, https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/gunes/karapinar-yeka-11.html, [Accessed: 25 December 2022]. (in Turkish).
  • Desai, A., Mukhopadhyay, I., Ray, A. “Effect of azimuth and tilt angle on ideally designed rooftop solar PV plant for energy generation.” 2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PVSC 2021, pp. 522-527.
  • Barbón, A., Bayón-Cueli, C., Bayón, L., Rodríguez-Suanzes, C., “Analysis of the tilt and azimuth angles of photovoltaic systems in non-ideal positions for urban applications.” Applied Energy, 305, (2022), 117802.
  • Dhimish, M., Silvestre, S., “Estimating the impact of azimuth-angle variations on photovoltaic annual energy production.” Clean Energy, 3(1), (2019), 47–58.
  • Osmani, K., Ramadan, M., Lemenand, T., Castanier, B., Haddad, A. (2021). Optimization of PV array tilt angle for minimum levelized cost of energy. Computers Electrical Engineering, 96, 107474.
  • Baghoolizadeh, M., Nadooshan, A. A., Raisi, A., Malekshah, E. H. (2022). The effect of photovoltaic shading with ideal tilt angle on the energy cost optimization of a building model in European cities. Energy for Sustainable Development, 71, 505-516.
  • Mansour, R. B., Khan, M. A. M., Alsulaiman, F. A., Mansour, R. B. (2021). Optimizing the solar PV tilt angle to maximize the power output: A case study for Saudi Arabia. IEEE Access, 9, 15914-15928.
  • Sun, L., Lu, L., Yang, H., “Optimum design of shading-type building-integrated photovoltaic claddings with different surface azimuth angles”. Applied Energy, 90(1), 2012, 233-240.
  • Aksoy, M. H., Çiylez, İ. İspir, M. “Effect of Azimuth Angle on The Performance of a Small-Scale on-Grid PV System.” Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 11(4), (2022), 42-49.
  • Aksoy M. H., Bakırhan M., İspir, M., “Analysis of the Azimuth Angles of a Photovoltaic System in Non Ideal Positions”, VI. International Conference on Engineering Technologies, ICENTE 2022, Konya, Turkey, November, 2022. 17-19.
  • Aksoy, M. H. Çalık, M. K., “Performance investigation of bifacial photovoltaic panels at different ground conditions”. Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences, 10(3), (2022), 704-718.
  • Haydaroğlu, C. Gümüş, B., “Examination of Web-Based PVGIS and SUNNY Design Web Photovoltaic System Simulation Programs and Assessment of Reliability of the Results.” Journal of Engineering and Technology, 1(1), (2017), 32-38.
  • Çınaroğlu, M. S. “Analysis of Three Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Plants with PVsyst Program; Sample of Kilis.” El-Cezeri, 8(2), (2021), 675-687.
  • Özcan, Ö. İzgi, E., “Comparative performance analysis of grid-connected photovoltaic roof system. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 23(3), (2020), 127-140.
  • Ozcan, O., Ersoz, F., “Project and cost-based evaluation of solar energy performance in three different geographical regions of Turkey: Investment analysis application.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 22(4), (2019), 1098-1106.
  • Akcan, E. , Kuncan, M. Minaz, M. R., “ Modeling and Simulation of 30 kW Grid Connected Photovoltaic System with PVsyst Software.” European Journal of Science and Technology, 18, (2020), 248-261(in Turkish).
  • Boduch, A., Mik, K., Castro, R., Zawadzki, P., “Technical and Economic Assessment of a 1 MWP floating photovoltaic system in Polish conditions.” Renewable Energy, 196, (2022), 983–994.
  • Karki, P., Adhikary, B., Sherpa, K. Comparative study of grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) system in Kathmandu and Berlin using PVsyst." 2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies (ICSET). IEEE, 2012.
  • Kandasamy, C. P., Prabu, P., Niruba, K. “Solar potential assessment using PVSYST software.” 2013 International Conference on Green Computing, Communication and Conservation of Energy, 2013 ICGCE, pp. 667-672, IEEE.
  • Behera, D. D., Das, S. S., Mishra, S. P., Mohanty, R. C., Mohanty, A. M., Nayak, B. B., “Simulation of solar operated grass cutting machine using PVSYST software.” Materials Today: Proceedings, 62(6), (2022), 3044-3050.
  • Khan, M. A., Islam, N., Khan, M. A. M., Irshad, K., Hanzala, M., Pasha, A. A., Mursaleen, M., “Experimental and simulation analysis of grid-connected rooftop photovoltaic system for a large-scale facility.” Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 53, (2022), 102773.
  • Aksoy, M. H., Ispir, M. “Techno-Economic Feasibility of Different Photovoltaic Technologies.” Applied Engineering Letters, 8(1), (2023), 1-9.
  • Kumar, N. M., Kumar, M. R., Rejoice, P. R., Mathew, M. “Performance analysis of 100 kWp grid connected Si-poly photovoltaic system using PVsyst simulation tool.” Energy Procedia, 117, (2017), 180-189.
  • Shukla, K. N., Rangnekar, S., & Sudhakar, K., “Mathematical modelling of solar radiation incident on tilted surface for photovoltaic application at Bhopal, MP, India.” International Journal of Ambient Energy, 37(6), (2016), 579-588.
  • PVsyst, Help https://www.pvsyst.com/help/models_meteo_transposition.htm [Accessed: 18 April 2023].
  • Duman, A. C., Güler, Ö., “Economic analysis of grid-connected residential rooftop PV systems in Turkey.” Renewable Energy, 148, (2020), 697-711.
  • Manito, A. R., Pinto, A., Zilles, R., “Evaluation of utility transformers' lifespan with different levels of grid- connected photovoltaic systems penetration.” Renewable Energy, 96, (2016), 700-714.
  • Stember, L. H., Huss, W. R., Bridgman, M. S. “A methodology for photovoltaic system reliability & economic analysis.” IEEE Transactions on reliability, 31(3), (1982), 296-303.
  • Esmaeili Shayan, M., Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Gorjian, S., Mazlan, M., Samami, M., Shabanzadeh, A., “Flexible photovoltaic system on non-conventional surfaces: a techno-economic analysis.” Sustainability, 14(6), (2022), 3566.
  • Gul, E., Baldinelli, G., Bartocci, P., Bianchi, F., Domenghini, P., Cotana, F., Wang, J., “A techno-economic analysis of a solar PV and DC battery storage system for a community energy sharing.” Energy, 244, (2022), 123191.
  • Al-Khori, K., Bicer, Y., Koç, M., “Comparative techno-economic assessment of integrated PV-SOFC and PV- Battery hybrid system for natural gas processing plants.” Energy, 222, (2021), 119923.

Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 74 - 82, 01.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.1223399

Abstract

The installation of photovoltaic (PV) panels on building roofs has seen a significant increase in recent years due to the rising cost of conventional energy sources. This shift towards renewable energy sources has been driven by the urgent need to mitigate the effects of climate change. PV applications is one of the most sustainable and cleanest sources of renewable energy, producing no greenhouse gas emissions during operation. By reducing reliance on fossil fuels, the use of PV panels can help to reduce carbon emissions and lower the overall carbon footprint of buildings. In addition to the environmental benefits, the installation of PV panels can also provide economic benefits, such as reduced energy costs and increased property value. In the past, installations were mostly made in the direction of the south, but now the roofs of the buildings facing west, east, and even north are also considered for PV panel installations.
In this study, a grid-connected PV system with an installed power of 148 kWp at the Konya Technical University (KTUN) campus is modeled by PVsyst software. The PV systems' performance on building roofs oriented in different geographical directions (north, south, east, and west) with a 30° fixed tilt angle was investigated. In the modeling, the solar irradiation coming to the surfaces of the PV panels, electricity production values, performance ratios, and their economic feasibility were calculated. The highest effective irradiation value on the panel surface was obtained from the system facing south, found as 1964.4 kWh/m². It is 20.77%, 22.87%, and 73.48% higher than the solar irradiation obtained at -90°, +90°, and 180° azimuth angles, respectively. It is concluded that the electricity generation amounts of PV systems highly depend on the azimuth angle. Similarly, the highest annual electricity production was obtained from the system installed in the 0° azimuth angle found as 254.77 MWh. The annual total electricity generation is 19.66%, 22.55%, and 69.41% higher in systems modeled toward the east, west, and north, respectively. Performance ratio, defined as the ratio of radiation coming to the panel surface and the electricity produced, has relative values between 0.843 and 0.862 for four different azimuth angles. Furthermore, as an economic analysis, the Basic Payback Period (BPP) of the projects was found as 6.92 years, 4.08 years, 4.88 years, and 5.00 years for the systems modeled in the north, south, east, and west directions, respectively. It can be concluded that the most suitable orientation is south, and the other two directions, east, and west, can also be considered feasible.

Thanks

This study is presented at the 6th International Conference on Engineering Technologies (ICENTE'22).

References

  • Kabir, E., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., Adelodun, A. A., Kim, K. H., “Solar energy: Potential and future prospects”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, (2018), 894-900.
  • Van Vuuren, D. J., Marnewick, A. L., Pretorius, J. H. C., “Validation of a Simulation-Based Pre-Assessment Process for Solar Photovoltaic Technology Implemented on Rooftops of South African Shopping Centres.” Sustainability, 13(5), (2021), 2589.
  • Kose, F., Aksoy, M. H., Ozgoren, M., “Experimental investigation of solar/wind hybrid system for irrigation in Konya, Turkey.” Thermal Science, 23(6 Part B), (2019), 4129–4139.
  • GEPA, “Solar Energy Potential Atlas”, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, https://gepa.enerji.gov.tr/MyCalculator [Accessed: 25 December 2022].
  • Çeçen, M., Yavuz, C., Tırmıkçı, C. A., Sarıkaya, S., Yanıkoğlu, E., “Analysis and evaluation of distributed photovoltaic generation in electrical energy production and related regulations of Turkey”. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, (2022), 1-16.
  • Yong, C., Desen, J., Wen, L., Yunlong, C., “Research on the cost of distributed photovoltaic plant of China based on whole life cycle perspective”. IEEE Access, 7, (2019), 89379-89389.
  • Li, J., “Optimal sizing of grid-connected photovoltaic battery systems for residential houses in Australia.” Renewable energy, 136, (2019), 1245-1254.
  • Rödl, A., Kaltschmitt, M., Schaumburg, H., “Strategy for A Large Scale Introduction Of Solar Energy In Central Asia.” MANAS Journal of Engineering, 5(3), (2017), 48-56.
  • Jaxa-Rozen, M., Trutnevyte, E., “Sources of uncertainty in long-term global scenarios of solar photovoltaic technology”. Nature Climate Change, 11(3), (2021), 266-273.
  • Kılıç, U., Kekezoğlu, B., “A review of solar photovoltaic incentives and Policy: Selected countries and Turkey”. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(5), (2022), 101669.
  • Pandey, A., Pandey, P., Tumuluru, J. S., “Solar energy production in India and commonly used technologies—An overview.” Energies, 15(2), (2022), 500.
  • Kaya, M. N., Aksoy, M. H., Köse, F., “Renewable Energy in Turkey: Potential, Current Status and Future Aspects.” Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara – International Journal of Engineering Time. 15, (2017), 65–69.
  • Kaymak, M. K., Şahin, A. D., “The First Design and Application of Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) Energy Generation Systems in Turkey with Structural and Electrical Performance”. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 9(3), (2022), 827-839.
  • Çiçek, O., Mıllad, M. A. M., Erken, F. "Energy prediction based on modelling and simulation analysis of an actual grid-connected photovoltaic power plant in Turkey". European Journal of Technique (EJT), 9, (2019), 159-174.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, “Solar Energy” https://enerji.gov.tr/eigm- yenilenebilir-enerji-kaynaklar-gunes, [Accessed: 25 December 2022]. (in Turkish).
  • Doğan S, Yağmur S. Aksoy M. H., Köse F. Solmaz O., “Solar Energy Potential in Turkey and Manufacturability Research for Equipments of Photovoltaic Panel in Konya Province” III. International Congress on Environmental Research and Technology ICERAT 2017, Belgrade, Serbia, November 08-12, 2017. pp. 35.
  • Enerji Atlası, “YEKA”, https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/gunes/karapinar-yeka-11.html, [Accessed: 25 December 2022]. (in Turkish).
  • Desai, A., Mukhopadhyay, I., Ray, A. “Effect of azimuth and tilt angle on ideally designed rooftop solar PV plant for energy generation.” 2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PVSC 2021, pp. 522-527.
  • Barbón, A., Bayón-Cueli, C., Bayón, L., Rodríguez-Suanzes, C., “Analysis of the tilt and azimuth angles of photovoltaic systems in non-ideal positions for urban applications.” Applied Energy, 305, (2022), 117802.
  • Dhimish, M., Silvestre, S., “Estimating the impact of azimuth-angle variations on photovoltaic annual energy production.” Clean Energy, 3(1), (2019), 47–58.
  • Osmani, K., Ramadan, M., Lemenand, T., Castanier, B., Haddad, A. (2021). Optimization of PV array tilt angle for minimum levelized cost of energy. Computers Electrical Engineering, 96, 107474.
  • Baghoolizadeh, M., Nadooshan, A. A., Raisi, A., Malekshah, E. H. (2022). The effect of photovoltaic shading with ideal tilt angle on the energy cost optimization of a building model in European cities. Energy for Sustainable Development, 71, 505-516.
  • Mansour, R. B., Khan, M. A. M., Alsulaiman, F. A., Mansour, R. B. (2021). Optimizing the solar PV tilt angle to maximize the power output: A case study for Saudi Arabia. IEEE Access, 9, 15914-15928.
  • Sun, L., Lu, L., Yang, H., “Optimum design of shading-type building-integrated photovoltaic claddings with different surface azimuth angles”. Applied Energy, 90(1), 2012, 233-240.
  • Aksoy, M. H., Çiylez, İ. İspir, M. “Effect of Azimuth Angle on The Performance of a Small-Scale on-Grid PV System.” Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 11(4), (2022), 42-49.
  • Aksoy M. H., Bakırhan M., İspir, M., “Analysis of the Azimuth Angles of a Photovoltaic System in Non Ideal Positions”, VI. International Conference on Engineering Technologies, ICENTE 2022, Konya, Turkey, November, 2022. 17-19.
  • Aksoy, M. H. Çalık, M. K., “Performance investigation of bifacial photovoltaic panels at different ground conditions”. Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences, 10(3), (2022), 704-718.
  • Haydaroğlu, C. Gümüş, B., “Examination of Web-Based PVGIS and SUNNY Design Web Photovoltaic System Simulation Programs and Assessment of Reliability of the Results.” Journal of Engineering and Technology, 1(1), (2017), 32-38.
  • Çınaroğlu, M. S. “Analysis of Three Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power Plants with PVsyst Program; Sample of Kilis.” El-Cezeri, 8(2), (2021), 675-687.
  • Özcan, Ö. İzgi, E., “Comparative performance analysis of grid-connected photovoltaic roof system. Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 23(3), (2020), 127-140.
  • Ozcan, O., Ersoz, F., “Project and cost-based evaluation of solar energy performance in three different geographical regions of Turkey: Investment analysis application.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 22(4), (2019), 1098-1106.
  • Akcan, E. , Kuncan, M. Minaz, M. R., “ Modeling and Simulation of 30 kW Grid Connected Photovoltaic System with PVsyst Software.” European Journal of Science and Technology, 18, (2020), 248-261(in Turkish).
  • Boduch, A., Mik, K., Castro, R., Zawadzki, P., “Technical and Economic Assessment of a 1 MWP floating photovoltaic system in Polish conditions.” Renewable Energy, 196, (2022), 983–994.
  • Karki, P., Adhikary, B., Sherpa, K. Comparative study of grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) system in Kathmandu and Berlin using PVsyst." 2012 IEEE Third International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies (ICSET). IEEE, 2012.
  • Kandasamy, C. P., Prabu, P., Niruba, K. “Solar potential assessment using PVSYST software.” 2013 International Conference on Green Computing, Communication and Conservation of Energy, 2013 ICGCE, pp. 667-672, IEEE.
  • Behera, D. D., Das, S. S., Mishra, S. P., Mohanty, R. C., Mohanty, A. M., Nayak, B. B., “Simulation of solar operated grass cutting machine using PVSYST software.” Materials Today: Proceedings, 62(6), (2022), 3044-3050.
  • Khan, M. A., Islam, N., Khan, M. A. M., Irshad, K., Hanzala, M., Pasha, A. A., Mursaleen, M., “Experimental and simulation analysis of grid-connected rooftop photovoltaic system for a large-scale facility.” Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 53, (2022), 102773.
  • Aksoy, M. H., Ispir, M. “Techno-Economic Feasibility of Different Photovoltaic Technologies.” Applied Engineering Letters, 8(1), (2023), 1-9.
  • Kumar, N. M., Kumar, M. R., Rejoice, P. R., Mathew, M. “Performance analysis of 100 kWp grid connected Si-poly photovoltaic system using PVsyst simulation tool.” Energy Procedia, 117, (2017), 180-189.
  • Shukla, K. N., Rangnekar, S., & Sudhakar, K., “Mathematical modelling of solar radiation incident on tilted surface for photovoltaic application at Bhopal, MP, India.” International Journal of Ambient Energy, 37(6), (2016), 579-588.
  • PVsyst, Help https://www.pvsyst.com/help/models_meteo_transposition.htm [Accessed: 18 April 2023].
  • Duman, A. C., Güler, Ö., “Economic analysis of grid-connected residential rooftop PV systems in Turkey.” Renewable Energy, 148, (2020), 697-711.
  • Manito, A. R., Pinto, A., Zilles, R., “Evaluation of utility transformers' lifespan with different levels of grid- connected photovoltaic systems penetration.” Renewable Energy, 96, (2016), 700-714.
  • Stember, L. H., Huss, W. R., Bridgman, M. S. “A methodology for photovoltaic system reliability & economic analysis.” IEEE Transactions on reliability, 31(3), (1982), 296-303.
  • Esmaeili Shayan, M., Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Gorjian, S., Mazlan, M., Samami, M., Shabanzadeh, A., “Flexible photovoltaic system on non-conventional surfaces: a techno-economic analysis.” Sustainability, 14(6), (2022), 3566.
  • Gul, E., Baldinelli, G., Bartocci, P., Bianchi, F., Domenghini, P., Cotana, F., Wang, J., “A techno-economic analysis of a solar PV and DC battery storage system for a community energy sharing.” Energy, 244, (2022), 123191.
  • Al-Khori, K., Bicer, Y., Koç, M., “Comparative techno-economic assessment of integrated PV-SOFC and PV- Battery hybrid system for natural gas processing plants.” Energy, 222, (2021), 119923.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Muharrem Hilmi Aksoy 0000-0002-6509-8112

Murat İspir 0000-0001-5238-6011

Mahmud Bakırhan 0000-0002-7498-9646

Early Pub Date June 23, 2023
Publication Date July 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aksoy, M. H., İspir, M., & Bakırhan, M. (2023). Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application. MANAS Journal of Engineering, 11(1), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.1223399
AMA Aksoy MH, İspir M, Bakırhan M. Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application. MJEN. July 2023;11(1):74-82. doi:10.51354/mjen.1223399
Chicago Aksoy, Muharrem Hilmi, Murat İspir, and Mahmud Bakırhan. “Analysis of the Azimuth Angles of a Medium-Scale PV System in Non-Ideal Positions for Roof Application”. MANAS Journal of Engineering 11, no. 1 (July 2023): 74-82. https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.1223399.
EndNote Aksoy MH, İspir M, Bakırhan M (July 1, 2023) Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application. MANAS Journal of Engineering 11 1 74–82.
IEEE M. H. Aksoy, M. İspir, and M. Bakırhan, “Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application”, MJEN, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 74–82, 2023, doi: 10.51354/mjen.1223399.
ISNAD Aksoy, Muharrem Hilmi et al. “Analysis of the Azimuth Angles of a Medium-Scale PV System in Non-Ideal Positions for Roof Application”. MANAS Journal of Engineering 11/1 (July 2023), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.51354/mjen.1223399.
JAMA Aksoy MH, İspir M, Bakırhan M. Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application. MJEN. 2023;11:74–82.
MLA Aksoy, Muharrem Hilmi et al. “Analysis of the Azimuth Angles of a Medium-Scale PV System in Non-Ideal Positions for Roof Application”. MANAS Journal of Engineering, vol. 11, no. 1, 2023, pp. 74-82, doi:10.51354/mjen.1223399.
Vancouver Aksoy MH, İspir M, Bakırhan M. Analysis of the azimuth angles of a medium-scale PV system in non-ideal positions for roof application. MJEN. 2023;11(1):74-82.

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