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Kardeş İlişkileri Ölçeği’nin (KİÖ) Geliştirilmesi

Year 2017, Issue: 44, 499 - 515, 21.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.340206

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin kardeş
ilişkilerini ölçen bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye’de
geliştirilmiş olan Kardeş İlişkileri Ölçeği (KİÖ) tanıtılmıştır. KİÖ’nün geçerliği için yapılan
açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve güvenirlik çalışmaları 409 lise öğrencisinden elde
edilen veriler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre
KİÖ’nün dört faktör ve 11
tanesi tersine çevrilmiş (reverse) olmak üzere 23 maddeden oluştuğu
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ölçekte yer alan dört faktörün birlikte toplan varyansın
%65,69’unu açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Yapı kavram
geçerliği için bir diğer kanıt olan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ise 217 lise
öğrencisinden elde edilen veriler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi sonuçlarına göre, dört boyutlu yapının test edildiği ölçme modelinin
yeterli düzeyde uyum iyiliği indekslerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir (x2=506.57;
p=0.00; x2/sd=2.28; NFI=.89; CFI =.93; IFI=.93; SRMR=.081 ve
RMSEA=.077). Ölçeğin güvenrlik çalışması kapsamında ilk
olarak ölçeğin tümüne ilişkin Cronbach Alpha katsayısı hesaplanmıştır
(Alpha=.95). Daha sonra iki yarı test güvenirliğinin ise rxx= .95
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Son olarak KİÖ’nün geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları
doğrultusunda ölçeğin kullanılabilirliği tartışılmış ve bazı önerilere yer
verilmiştir. 

References

  • Adler, A. (2012). Bireysel psikoloji (Çev., C. Çelebi). İstanbul: Altın Post Yayıncılık.
  • Ahmetoğlu, E. ve Aral, N. (2008). Schaeffer kardeş davranışı değerlendirme ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 16(2), 379-88.
  • Apalaçi, V. (1996). Psychological adjustment and sibling relationships of older brothers and sisters of children with pervasive developmental disorders. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek lisans tezi, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi.
  • Brody, G. H., Stoneman, Z., & McCoy, J. K. (1994). Forecasting sibling relations in early adolescence from child temperaments and family processes in middle childhood. Child Development, 65, 771 – 784.
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: K. A. Bollen ve J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models (Pp. 136-162). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Bryant, B. K., & Crockenberg, S. (1980). Correlates and dimensions of proso-cial behavior: A study of female siblings with their mothers. Child Development 51, 529–44.
  • Buhrmester, D., & Furman, W. (1990). Perceptions of sibling relationships during middle childhood and adolescence. Child Development, 61(5), 1387-1398.
  • Buist, K. L., Deković, M., & Prinzie, P. (2013). Sibling relationship quality and psychopathology of children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(1), 97-106.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2009). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Cicirelli, V. G. (1994). Sibling relationships in cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56(1), 7-20.
  • Cicirelli, V. G. (1995). Sibling relationships across the lifespan. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Cole, A., & Kerns, K. A. (2001). Perceptions of sibling qualities and activities of early adolescents. Journal of Early Adolescence, 21, 204 – 226.
  • Çavdar, A. (2003). The Self-with-sibling representation and the oedipal themes in the sibling. Master thesis, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Dunn, J., Brown, J. R., Slomkowski, C., Telsa, C., & Youngblade, L. M. (1991). Young children’s understanding of other people’s feelings and beliefs: Individual differences and their antecedents. Child Development 62, 1352–1366.
  • Feinberg, M. E., Solmeyer, A. R., & McHale, S. M. (2012). The third rail of family systems: Sibling relationships, mental and behavioral health, and preventive intervention in childhood and adolescence. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 15(1), 43-57.
  • Furman, W., & Buhrmester, D. (1985). Children's perceptions of the qualities of sibling relationships. Child Development, 56(2), 448-461.
  • Gass, K., Jenkins, J., & Dunn, J. (2007). Are sibling relationships protective? A longitudinal study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(2), 167-175.
  • Hooper, D., Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. (2008). Structural equation modeling: guidelines for determining model fit. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60.
  • Howe, N., & Ross, H. S. (1990). Socialization, perspective-taking, and the sibling relationship. Developmental Psychology 26, 160–65.
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, O. M. (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Leigh, G. K. (1982). Kinship interaction over the family life span. Journal of Marriage & Family, 44, 197-208.
  • McGuire, S., McHale, S. M., & Updegraff, K. A. (1996). Children’s perceptions of the sibling relationship in middle childhood: Connections within and between family relationships. Personal Relationships, 3, 229– 239.
  • Meyendorf, R. R. (1971). Infant depression due to separation from siblings: Syndrome of depression, retardation, starvation, and neurological symptoms. Psychiatria Clinica, 4, 321-335.
  • Milevsky, A. (2011). Sibling relationship in childhood and adolescence: Predictors and outcomes. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Noller, P. (2005). Sibling relationships in adolescence: Learning and growing together. Personal Relationships, 12, 1–12.
  • Nuckolls, C. W. (1993). An introduction to the study of cross-cultural sibling relations. In C. W. Nuckolls (Ed.), Siblings in South Asia (pp. 19–44). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Oliva, A., & Arranz, E. (2005). Sibling relationships during adolescence. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2(3), 253-270.
  • Öz Soysal, F. S., Yurdabakan, İ., Baş, A. U. ve Aysan, F. (2016). Yaşam Boyu Kardeş İlişkileri Ölçeğinin genç yetişkinlerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5351-5361.
  • Öz, F. S. (2015). An adaptation, validity and reliability of The Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale to the Turkish adolescents. Educational Research and Reviews, 10(2), 203-209.
  • Riggio, H. R. (2000). Measuring attitudes toward adult sibling relationships: The lifespan sibling relationship scale. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17(6), 707-728.
  • Scharf, M., Shulman, S., & Avigad-Spitz, L. (2005). Sibling relationships in emerging adulthood and in adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Research, 20(1), 64-90.
  • Smith, T. E. (1993). Growth in academic achievement and teaching younger siblings. Social Psychology Quarterly 56, 77–85.
  • Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001). Adolescent development. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 83–110.
  • Stocker, C. M., Burwell, R. A., & Briggs, M. L. (2002). Sibling conflict in middle childhood predicts children's adjustment in early adolescence. Journal of Family Psychology, 16(1), 50-57.
  • Stormshak, E. A., Bellanti, C. J., & Bierman, K. L. (1996). The quality of sibling relationships and the development of social competence and behavioral control in aggressive children. Developmental Psychology, 32, 79–89.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74.
  • Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Ekinoks Yayınevi.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı (M. Baloğlu, Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Akademi.
  • Updegraff, K. A., McHale, S. M., & Crouter, A. C. (2002). Adolescents’ sibling relationships and friendships: Developmental patterns and relationship associations. Social Development, 11, 182–211.
  • Volling, B. L., & Blandon, A. Y. (2003, March). Positive indicators of sibling relationship quality: Psychometric analyses of the sibling inventory of behavior (SIB). In Child Trend's Positive Outcomes Conference (pp. 12-13).
  • Whiteman, S. D., McHale, S. M., & Soli, A. (2011). Theoretical perspectives on sibling relationships. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 3(2), 124-139.
  • Yeh, H. C., & Lempers, J. D. (2004). Perceived siblings relationship and adolescent development. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33(2), 133-147.

Development of the Sibling Relationship Scale (SRS)

Year 2017, Issue: 44, 499 - 515, 21.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.340206

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a scale
that measures the sibling relationships of high school students. The Sibling
Relationship Scale, was developed in Turkish cultural context accordance with
this aim, was presented. Factor analysis, which are done for the validity of
SRS, and reliability studies are made from data obtained from 409 high school
students.  According to the explanatory
factor analysis results, it was determined that SRS is consisted of 4 factor
and 23 items, 11 of them reverse. In addition, it was determined that the
combined four factors included in the scale explained 65,69% of the total
variance. Confirmatory factor analysis that is a proof for construct validity was
done by data obtained from 217 high school students. According to confirmatory
factor analysis results, model of measurement which tested four factor
structure was determined to have adequately goodness of fit index (x2= 06.57; p=0.00; x2/sd=2.28;
NFI=.89; CFI =.93; IFI=.93; SRMR=.081 and RMSEA=.077).  Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficient relating
to all of scale was calculated. (Alpha=.95) And then, split half reliability
was determined as rxx= .95. Finally, in accordance with validity and
reliability studies of SRS, applicability of the scale was discussed and gave
place to some suggestions.

References

  • Adler, A. (2012). Bireysel psikoloji (Çev., C. Çelebi). İstanbul: Altın Post Yayıncılık.
  • Ahmetoğlu, E. ve Aral, N. (2008). Schaeffer kardeş davranışı değerlendirme ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlaması. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 16(2), 379-88.
  • Apalaçi, V. (1996). Psychological adjustment and sibling relationships of older brothers and sisters of children with pervasive developmental disorders. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek lisans tezi, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi.
  • Brody, G. H., Stoneman, Z., & McCoy, J. K. (1994). Forecasting sibling relations in early adolescence from child temperaments and family processes in middle childhood. Child Development, 65, 771 – 784.
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: K. A. Bollen ve J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models (Pp. 136-162). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
  • Bryant, B. K., & Crockenberg, S. (1980). Correlates and dimensions of proso-cial behavior: A study of female siblings with their mothers. Child Development 51, 529–44.
  • Buhrmester, D., & Furman, W. (1990). Perceptions of sibling relationships during middle childhood and adolescence. Child Development, 61(5), 1387-1398.
  • Buist, K. L., Deković, M., & Prinzie, P. (2013). Sibling relationship quality and psychopathology of children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(1), 97-106.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2009). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Cicirelli, V. G. (1994). Sibling relationships in cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56(1), 7-20.
  • Cicirelli, V. G. (1995). Sibling relationships across the lifespan. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Cole, A., & Kerns, K. A. (2001). Perceptions of sibling qualities and activities of early adolescents. Journal of Early Adolescence, 21, 204 – 226.
  • Çavdar, A. (2003). The Self-with-sibling representation and the oedipal themes in the sibling. Master thesis, İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Dunn, J., Brown, J. R., Slomkowski, C., Telsa, C., & Youngblade, L. M. (1991). Young children’s understanding of other people’s feelings and beliefs: Individual differences and their antecedents. Child Development 62, 1352–1366.
  • Feinberg, M. E., Solmeyer, A. R., & McHale, S. M. (2012). The third rail of family systems: Sibling relationships, mental and behavioral health, and preventive intervention in childhood and adolescence. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 15(1), 43-57.
  • Furman, W., & Buhrmester, D. (1985). Children's perceptions of the qualities of sibling relationships. Child Development, 56(2), 448-461.
  • Gass, K., Jenkins, J., & Dunn, J. (2007). Are sibling relationships protective? A longitudinal study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(2), 167-175.
  • Hooper, D., Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. (2008). Structural equation modeling: guidelines for determining model fit. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60.
  • Howe, N., & Ross, H. S. (1990). Socialization, perspective-taking, and the sibling relationship. Developmental Psychology 26, 160–65.
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, O. M. (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Leigh, G. K. (1982). Kinship interaction over the family life span. Journal of Marriage & Family, 44, 197-208.
  • McGuire, S., McHale, S. M., & Updegraff, K. A. (1996). Children’s perceptions of the sibling relationship in middle childhood: Connections within and between family relationships. Personal Relationships, 3, 229– 239.
  • Meyendorf, R. R. (1971). Infant depression due to separation from siblings: Syndrome of depression, retardation, starvation, and neurological symptoms. Psychiatria Clinica, 4, 321-335.
  • Milevsky, A. (2011). Sibling relationship in childhood and adolescence: Predictors and outcomes. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
  • Noller, P. (2005). Sibling relationships in adolescence: Learning and growing together. Personal Relationships, 12, 1–12.
  • Nuckolls, C. W. (1993). An introduction to the study of cross-cultural sibling relations. In C. W. Nuckolls (Ed.), Siblings in South Asia (pp. 19–44). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Oliva, A., & Arranz, E. (2005). Sibling relationships during adolescence. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2(3), 253-270.
  • Öz Soysal, F. S., Yurdabakan, İ., Baş, A. U. ve Aysan, F. (2016). Yaşam Boyu Kardeş İlişkileri Ölçeğinin genç yetişkinlerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5351-5361.
  • Öz, F. S. (2015). An adaptation, validity and reliability of The Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale to the Turkish adolescents. Educational Research and Reviews, 10(2), 203-209.
  • Riggio, H. R. (2000). Measuring attitudes toward adult sibling relationships: The lifespan sibling relationship scale. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17(6), 707-728.
  • Scharf, M., Shulman, S., & Avigad-Spitz, L. (2005). Sibling relationships in emerging adulthood and in adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Research, 20(1), 64-90.
  • Smith, T. E. (1993). Growth in academic achievement and teaching younger siblings. Social Psychology Quarterly 56, 77–85.
  • Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001). Adolescent development. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 83–110.
  • Stocker, C. M., Burwell, R. A., & Briggs, M. L. (2002). Sibling conflict in middle childhood predicts children's adjustment in early adolescence. Journal of Family Psychology, 16(1), 50-57.
  • Stormshak, E. A., Bellanti, C. J., & Bierman, K. L. (1996). The quality of sibling relationships and the development of social competence and behavioral control in aggressive children. Developmental Psychology, 32, 79–89.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74.
  • Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Ekinoks Yayınevi.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı (M. Baloğlu, Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Akademi.
  • Updegraff, K. A., McHale, S. M., & Crouter, A. C. (2002). Adolescents’ sibling relationships and friendships: Developmental patterns and relationship associations. Social Development, 11, 182–211.
  • Volling, B. L., & Blandon, A. Y. (2003, March). Positive indicators of sibling relationship quality: Psychometric analyses of the sibling inventory of behavior (SIB). In Child Trend's Positive Outcomes Conference (pp. 12-13).
  • Whiteman, S. D., McHale, S. M., & Soli, A. (2011). Theoretical perspectives on sibling relationships. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 3(2), 124-139.
  • Yeh, H. C., & Lempers, J. D. (2004). Perceived siblings relationship and adolescent development. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33(2), 133-147.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Emine Feyza Aktaş

Publication Date December 21, 2017
Submission Date September 27, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 44

Cite

APA Aktaş, E. F. (2017). Kardeş İlişkileri Ölçeği’nin (KİÖ) Geliştirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(44), 499-515. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.340206