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İsveç Elçisi Paul Strassburg’un İstanbul Sefareti (1632-1633)

Year 2014, Issue: 26, 1 - 50, 31.12.2014

Abstract

Sultan IV. Murad’ın 1623 yılında çalkantılarla başlayan hükümdarlığına, 1632 yılında dizginleri eline aldığı sürece kadar annesi Kösem Sultan’ın fiili niyabeti damgasını vurmuştu. Bu sırada Avrupa’da ise kıtanın o döneme değin gördüğü en kanlı savaşlardan biri (Otuz Yıl Savaşları, 1618-1648) tüm dehşetiyle devam etmekteydi. İşte bu uzun soluklu savaş esnasında Protestan bloğunun hamisi olarak yıldızı parlayan İsveç Kralı II. Gustaf Adolf (Vasa), Osmanlıların vasalı olan Erdel Beyi’nin yardımını talep etmek için İstanbul’a resmi bir diplomatik temsilci yollamıştır. Kralın elçisi Paul Strassburg’un geriye bırakmış olduğu (Venedik ‘relazione’lerini andıran) sefaretnamesi, bizlere elçinin yolda başından geçenleri, İstanbul’daki görüşmelerini ve dönemin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na dair gözlemlerini aktarmaktadır. Bu çalışma çerçevesinde, elçinin sefaretnamesi sair çağdaş diplomatik raporlardan da istifade edilerek bir bağlama oturtulacaktır.

References

  • Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA) YB (1) 1-6; 1-8. A. RSK 1502. KK.d 1823.
  • Riksarkivet (RA) [Swedish National Archives] Oxenstiernska samlingen Axel Oxenstierna av Södermöre// E 657- 4120. OSAOS// E 657- 4133. OSAOS// E 708 A- 4681.
  • Ambassades à Constantinople de François de Noailles, Savary de Lancosmc, Savary de Brèves, Harlay de Césy et M. de Marcheville. (1572-1632), Département des manuscrits, Français 7161. [accessed on “gallica.fr”]
  • Recueil d’instructions et mémoires diplomatiques. XXII Lettres, instructions, etc. pour l’ambassade de Constantinople (15741640), Département des manuscrits, Français 7093. [accessed on“gallica.fr”]
  • Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych w Warszawie (AGAD), Metryka Koronna, Liber Legationum, sygn. 32. (accessed on http://agadd.home.net.pl/metrykalia/4/2/ sygn.%2032/)
  • Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Manuscripts, Cod. Turc. 374.
  • I “Documenti Turchi” dell’Archivio Stato di Venezia, # 1436.
  • BAROZZI, Nicolo & BERCHET, Guiglelmo, “Relazione di Constantinopoli del Bailo Giovanni Cappello, 1634,” in Relazioni Degli Stati Europei Lette Al Senato Dagli Ambasciatori Veneziani Nel Secolo Decimosettimo. Vol 1, Parte 2, Venice: Naratovich, 1872.
  • BEKE, Antal & BARABAS Samu. I. Rákóczi György es a Porta. levelek es okiratok, Budapest: Kiadja a Magyar Tud. Akadémia,1888.
  • BOA 85 Numaralı Mühimme Defteri, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, 2002.
  • FEKETE, Lajos, Türkische Schriften aus dem Archive des Palatins Nikolaus Esterházy 1606-1645, Im Auftrage des Fürsten Paul Esterházy, Budapest: Königliche Universitätsdruckerei, 1932.
  • Gazette (Paris, 1631), Recveil des Gazettes Novvelles: relations & autre choses Memorables de toute l’Annee 1632, dedié au Roy. Paris: Bureau d’Adresse, 1633.
  • Recveil des Gazettes Novvelles et relations de toute l’Annee 1633, dedié au Roy. Paris: Bureau d’Adresse, 1634.
  • GEMIL, Tahsin, Relatile Tarilor Romane cu Poarta Otomana in Documente Turceşti: 1601-1712, Bucharest: Directory General of the National Archives of the Romanian Socialist Republic, 1984.
  • MEIENBERGER, Peter, Johann Rudolf Schmid zum Schwarzenhorn als kaiserlicher Resident in Konstantinopel in den Jahren 1629-1643, Frankfurt am Main: Herbert Lang, 1973.
  • STRASSBURG, Paul, “Relatio de Byzantino Itinere ac negotiis in Ottomanica Aula peractis, nec non de statu ac facie Orientalis Imperii, qualis erat circa Ann. MDCXXXIII,” in Friedrich Sylburg, Catalogus codicum Graecorum mss. olin in Bibliotheca Palatina, nunc Vaticana asservatorum., Frankfurt 1702, 185-226.
  • PRAY, Georgius, Gabrielis Bethlenii Principatus Transsilvaniae Coaevis Documentis Illustratu, Pest: J.T. Trattner, 1816.
  • Rikskansleren Axel Oxenstiernas Skrifter och Brefvexling. Senare Afdelningen, Första Bandet (K. Gustaf II Adolfs Bref och Instruktioner). Utgifna af Kongl. Vitterehets- Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien, Stockholm 1888.
  • Rikskansleren Axel Oxenstiernas Skrifter och Brefvexling. Förra Afdelningen, Sjätte Bandet (Bref 1631). Utgifna af Kongl. Vitterehets- Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien, Stockholm.
  • RÅLAMB, Claes, Kort Beskriffning om thet som wid then Constantinoplitaniske Resan är föreluppit, Stockholm: Henrich Keyser, 1679.
  • Kronijk van het Historisch Genootschap gevestigd te Utrecht: Serie 5, Deel 2, Utrecht: Kemink en Zoon, 1867.
  • SZILAGYI, Alexander, Actes et Documents pour servir à l’histoire de l’alliance de George Rákóczi, Prince de Transylvanie avec les Français et les Suédois dans la Guerre de Trente Ans, Budapest: Ráth 1874.
  • SZILAGYI, Sandor (ed.), Monumenta Hungariae Historica. Okirattar Strassburg Pal 1631- 1633 – İki Követsege Es I. Rákóczi György Elso Diplomacziai Össezeköttetesei Törtenetehez, Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1882.
  • Theatrum Europeaum, Band 2, Frankfurt am Main 1670, p. 601: (Anno 1632)
  • Band 3, Frankfurt am Main 1670, p. 300: (Anno 1634)

SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633

Year 2014, Issue: 26, 1 - 50, 31.12.2014

Abstract

Sultan Murad IV’s reign made a tumultuous start in 1623, following the dethronement of his predecessor, Sultan Mustafa. Most of his juniority was spent under the auspices of his mother, the de facto regent Kösem Sultan, until Murad IV asserted his self rule in 1632. Europe, in the meantime, was struck by one of the largest military clashes seen on the continent by then (known as the Thirty Years War, 1618-1648), and a new actor emerged to make his imprint on the continental politics: King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden. It was under these circumstances that a Swedish envoy was sent to Constantinople in order to solicit permission from the Ottoman Porte for Transylvanian help against the Sweden’s enemies in Germany. Fortunately for us, the king’s envoy Paul Strassburg has left behind a valuable embassy report, similar to a relazione, covering his adventures on the route to the Ottoman Empire, his dealings in Constantinople and his observations regarding the political situation of the Ottomans. Within the framework of this study, the embassy report will be contextualized with the help of contemporary accounts.

References

  • Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA) YB (1) 1-6; 1-8. A. RSK 1502. KK.d 1823.
  • Riksarkivet (RA) [Swedish National Archives] Oxenstiernska samlingen Axel Oxenstierna av Södermöre// E 657- 4120. OSAOS// E 657- 4133. OSAOS// E 708 A- 4681.
  • Ambassades à Constantinople de François de Noailles, Savary de Lancosmc, Savary de Brèves, Harlay de Césy et M. de Marcheville. (1572-1632), Département des manuscrits, Français 7161. [accessed on “gallica.fr”]
  • Recueil d’instructions et mémoires diplomatiques. XXII Lettres, instructions, etc. pour l’ambassade de Constantinople (15741640), Département des manuscrits, Français 7093. [accessed on“gallica.fr”]
  • Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych w Warszawie (AGAD), Metryka Koronna, Liber Legationum, sygn. 32. (accessed on http://agadd.home.net.pl/metrykalia/4/2/ sygn.%2032/)
  • Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Manuscripts, Cod. Turc. 374.
  • I “Documenti Turchi” dell’Archivio Stato di Venezia, # 1436.
  • BAROZZI, Nicolo & BERCHET, Guiglelmo, “Relazione di Constantinopoli del Bailo Giovanni Cappello, 1634,” in Relazioni Degli Stati Europei Lette Al Senato Dagli Ambasciatori Veneziani Nel Secolo Decimosettimo. Vol 1, Parte 2, Venice: Naratovich, 1872.
  • BEKE, Antal & BARABAS Samu. I. Rákóczi György es a Porta. levelek es okiratok, Budapest: Kiadja a Magyar Tud. Akadémia,1888.
  • BOA 85 Numaralı Mühimme Defteri, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, 2002.
  • FEKETE, Lajos, Türkische Schriften aus dem Archive des Palatins Nikolaus Esterházy 1606-1645, Im Auftrage des Fürsten Paul Esterházy, Budapest: Königliche Universitätsdruckerei, 1932.
  • Gazette (Paris, 1631), Recveil des Gazettes Novvelles: relations & autre choses Memorables de toute l’Annee 1632, dedié au Roy. Paris: Bureau d’Adresse, 1633.
  • Recveil des Gazettes Novvelles et relations de toute l’Annee 1633, dedié au Roy. Paris: Bureau d’Adresse, 1634.
  • GEMIL, Tahsin, Relatile Tarilor Romane cu Poarta Otomana in Documente Turceşti: 1601-1712, Bucharest: Directory General of the National Archives of the Romanian Socialist Republic, 1984.
  • MEIENBERGER, Peter, Johann Rudolf Schmid zum Schwarzenhorn als kaiserlicher Resident in Konstantinopel in den Jahren 1629-1643, Frankfurt am Main: Herbert Lang, 1973.
  • STRASSBURG, Paul, “Relatio de Byzantino Itinere ac negotiis in Ottomanica Aula peractis, nec non de statu ac facie Orientalis Imperii, qualis erat circa Ann. MDCXXXIII,” in Friedrich Sylburg, Catalogus codicum Graecorum mss. olin in Bibliotheca Palatina, nunc Vaticana asservatorum., Frankfurt 1702, 185-226.
  • PRAY, Georgius, Gabrielis Bethlenii Principatus Transsilvaniae Coaevis Documentis Illustratu, Pest: J.T. Trattner, 1816.
  • Rikskansleren Axel Oxenstiernas Skrifter och Brefvexling. Senare Afdelningen, Första Bandet (K. Gustaf II Adolfs Bref och Instruktioner). Utgifna af Kongl. Vitterehets- Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien, Stockholm 1888.
  • Rikskansleren Axel Oxenstiernas Skrifter och Brefvexling. Förra Afdelningen, Sjätte Bandet (Bref 1631). Utgifna af Kongl. Vitterehets- Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien, Stockholm.
  • RÅLAMB, Claes, Kort Beskriffning om thet som wid then Constantinoplitaniske Resan är föreluppit, Stockholm: Henrich Keyser, 1679.
  • Kronijk van het Historisch Genootschap gevestigd te Utrecht: Serie 5, Deel 2, Utrecht: Kemink en Zoon, 1867.
  • SZILAGYI, Alexander, Actes et Documents pour servir à l’histoire de l’alliance de George Rákóczi, Prince de Transylvanie avec les Français et les Suédois dans la Guerre de Trente Ans, Budapest: Ráth 1874.
  • SZILAGYI, Sandor (ed.), Monumenta Hungariae Historica. Okirattar Strassburg Pal 1631- 1633 – İki Követsege Es I. Rákóczi György Elso Diplomacziai Össezeköttetesei Törtenetehez, Budapest: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, 1882.
  • Theatrum Europeaum, Band 2, Frankfurt am Main 1670, p. 601: (Anno 1632)
  • Band 3, Frankfurt am Main 1670, p. 300: (Anno 1634)
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mahmut Halef Cevrioğlu

Publication Date December 31, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 26

Cite

APA Cevrioğlu, M. H. (2014). SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi(26), 1-50.
AMA Cevrioğlu MH. SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi. December 2014;(26):1-50.
Chicago Cevrioğlu, Mahmut Halef. “SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633”. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 26 (December 2014): 1-50.
EndNote Cevrioğlu MH (December 1, 2014) SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi 26 1–50.
IEEE M. H. Cevrioğlu, “SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633”, Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 26, pp. 1–50, December 2014.
ISNAD Cevrioğlu, Mahmut Halef. “SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633”. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi 26 (December 2014), 1-50.
JAMA Cevrioğlu MH. SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2014;:1–50.
MLA Cevrioğlu, Mahmut Halef. “SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633”. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 26, 2014, pp. 1-50.
Vancouver Cevrioğlu MH. SWEDISH ENVOY PAUL STRASSBURG’S DIPLOMATIC MISSION TO ISTANBUL IN 1632-1633. Güneydoğu Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2014(26):1-50.