Abstract
Rapidly developing
technology has made great progress in robot design and production. One of the
reflections of this vision is the social robots that can communicate. The study
of the interaction between robots and people, which increase their visibility
in everyday life and business life in many developed countries of the world, is
very important in terms of acceptance and efficient production of this
technology. To this end, Nomura and colleagues developed the Negative Attitudes
towards Robots scale. In this study, it is desired to adapt this scale to
Turkish. The data obtained from the students of five universities in Istanbul
were investigated through internal consistency coefficient, confirmatory factor
analysis, and discriminant validity. As a result of the study, it was observed
that the 14 items in the scale were divided into 3 factors. According to the
confirmatory factor analysis, the fit index values of the model have acceptable
values. Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency reliability coefficients were
reliable for three subscales, and there was discriminant validity. This study
shows that Turkish version of Negative Attitudes toward Robots Scale is a
reliable and valid measurement tool regardless of robot type. The creation of a
Turkish version of this scale, which measures an important effect in the
interaction of human robots, will also open up the work to be done in this area
with Turkish samples.
Keywords
References
- Aksöz, M. (2016). Examining the adoption of intention of internet of things in healthcare technology products with innovation diffusion theory and technology acceptance model, Unpublished Master Thesis, Istanbul: Bahçeşehir University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
- Bartneck, C., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T., & Nomura, T. (2007). The influence of people’s culture and prior experiences with Aibo on their attitude towards robots. Ai & Society, 21(1-2), 217-230.
- Capek, K. (1920). RUR - Rossum's Universal Robots : kolektivní drama o vstupní komedii a 3 dejstvích. Praha : Aventinum, 90 pages.
- Chaplin, J. P. (1999). Dictionary of Psychology, terj. Kartini Kartono.
- Dario, P., Guglielmelli, E., & Laschi, C. (2001). Humanoids and personal robots: Design and experiments. Journal of Robotic Systems, 18(12), 673-690.
- Do, H. M., Pham, M., Sheng, W., Yang, D., & Liu, M. (2018). RiSH: A robot-integrated smart home for elderly care. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 101, 74-92.
- Erebak, S., & Turgut, T. (2018). Caregivers’ attitudes toward potential robot coworkers in elder care. Cognition, Technology & Work, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-018-0512-0
- Fazio, R. H., Powell, M. C., & Williams, C. J. (1989). The role of attitude accessibility in the attitude-to-behavior process. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 280-288.
- Gates, B. (2007). A robot in every home. Scientific American, 296(1), 58-65.
- IFR. (2017). How robots conquer industry worldwide. https://ifr.org/downloads/press/Presentation_PC_27_Sept_2017.pdf
- Katz, J. E., & Halpern, D. (2014). Attitudes towards robots suitability for various jobs as affected robot appearance. Behaviour & Information Technology, 33(9), 941-953.
- M Tsui, K., Desai, M., A Yanco, H., Cramer, H., & Kemper, N. (2011). Measuring attitudes towards telepresence robots. International Journal of Intelligent Control and Systems, 16.
- Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2004, September). Psychology in human-robot communication: An attempt through investigation of negative attitudes and anxiety toward robots. In Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2004. ROMAN 2004. 13th IEEE International Workshop on (pp. 35-40). IEEE.
- Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2005, August). People's assumptions about robots: Investigation of their relationships with attitudes and emotions toward robots. In Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2005. ROMAN 2005. IEEE International Workshop on (pp. 125-130). IEEE.
- Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2008). Prediction of human behavior in human--robot interaction using psychological scales for anxiety and negative attitudes toward robots. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 24(2), 442-451.
- Nomura, T., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T., & Kato, K. (2006a). Measurement of negative attitudes toward robots. Interaction Studies, 7(3), 437-454.
- Nomura, T., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T., & Kato, K. (2006b). Altered attitudes of people toward robots: Investigation through the Negative Attitudes toward Robots Scale. In Proc. AAAI-06 workshop on human implications of human-robot interaction (Vol. 2006, pp. 29-35).
- Parasuraman, A., & Colby, C. L. (2015). An updated and streamlined technology readiness index: TRI 2.0. Journal of Service Research, 18(1), 59-74.
- Piçarra, N., Giger, J. C., Pochwatko, G., & Gonçalves, G. (2015). Validation of the Portuguese version of the Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 65(2), 93-104.
- Ray, C., Mondada, F., & Siegwart, R. (2008). What do people expect from robots?. In Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ 2008 international conference on intelligent robots and systems (No. LSRO-CONF-2008-049, pp. 3816-3821). IEEE Press.
- Richardson, K., Coeckelbergh, M., Wakunuma, K., Billing, E., Ziemke, T., Gomez, P., ... & Belpaeme, T. (2018). Robot Enhanced Therapy for Children with Autism (DREAM): A Social Model of Autism. IEEE TEchnology and SocIETy MagazInE, 37(1), 30-39.
- Santini, F. (2018). U.S. Patent No. 9,993,129. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
- Takayama, L., Ju, W., & Nass, C. (2008, March). Beyond dirty, dangerous and dull: what everyday people think robots should do. In Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), 2008 3rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on (pp. 25-32). IEEE.
Abstract
Hızla gelişen teknoloji robot dizaynı ve üretimlerinde
büyük bir ivme kaydetmiştir. Bu ivmenin yansımalarından biri de iletişim
kurabilen sosyal robotlardır. Hali hazırda dünyanın birçok gelişmiş ülkesinde
gündelik yaşamda ve iş yaşamında görünürlüklerini arttıran robotlarla insanlar
arasında kurulacak olan etkileşimin incelenmesi, bu teknolojinin kabullenilmesi
ve verimli şekilde üretilebilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda, Nomura ve meslektaşları Robotlara Karşı Negatif Tutumlar ölçeğini
geliştirmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise bu
ölçeğin Türkçeye adaptasyonu yapılmak istenmiştir. İstanbul’da bulunan beş
üniversitenin öğrencilerinden elde edilen veri ile iç tutarlılık katsayısı,
doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve ayrışma geçerliliği incelenmiştir. Araştırma
sonucunda ölçekte bulunan 14 madde 3 faktöre bölünmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi sonucuna göre modelin uyum indeksi kabul edilebilir değerlere sahiptir.
Cronbach’ın alfa iç tutarlılık güvenilirlik katsayıları üç alt ölçek için de
güvenilirdir ve ayırıcı geçerlilik sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmayla robot tipine
bağlı kalmaksızın Robotlara Karşı Negatif Tutumlar Ölçeği’nin Türkçe
versiyonunun güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçüm aracı olduğunu göstermektedir.
İnsan robot etkileşiminde önemli bir etkeni ölçen bu ölçeğin Türkçe
versiyonunun oluşturulması bu alanda yapılan çalışmaların Türk örneklemlerle
yapılmasının da önünü açacaktır.
Keywords
References
- Aksöz, M. (2016). Examining the adoption of intention of internet of things in healthcare technology products with innovation diffusion theory and technology acceptance model, Unpublished Master Thesis, Istanbul: Bahçeşehir University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
- Bartneck, C., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T., & Nomura, T. (2007). The influence of people’s culture and prior experiences with Aibo on their attitude towards robots. Ai & Society, 21(1-2), 217-230.
- Capek, K. (1920). RUR - Rossum's Universal Robots : kolektivní drama o vstupní komedii a 3 dejstvích. Praha : Aventinum, 90 pages.
- Chaplin, J. P. (1999). Dictionary of Psychology, terj. Kartini Kartono.
- Dario, P., Guglielmelli, E., & Laschi, C. (2001). Humanoids and personal robots: Design and experiments. Journal of Robotic Systems, 18(12), 673-690.
- Do, H. M., Pham, M., Sheng, W., Yang, D., & Liu, M. (2018). RiSH: A robot-integrated smart home for elderly care. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 101, 74-92.
- Erebak, S., & Turgut, T. (2018). Caregivers’ attitudes toward potential robot coworkers in elder care. Cognition, Technology & Work, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-018-0512-0
- Fazio, R. H., Powell, M. C., & Williams, C. J. (1989). The role of attitude accessibility in the attitude-to-behavior process. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 280-288.
- Gates, B. (2007). A robot in every home. Scientific American, 296(1), 58-65.
- IFR. (2017). How robots conquer industry worldwide. https://ifr.org/downloads/press/Presentation_PC_27_Sept_2017.pdf
- Katz, J. E., & Halpern, D. (2014). Attitudes towards robots suitability for various jobs as affected robot appearance. Behaviour & Information Technology, 33(9), 941-953.
- M Tsui, K., Desai, M., A Yanco, H., Cramer, H., & Kemper, N. (2011). Measuring attitudes towards telepresence robots. International Journal of Intelligent Control and Systems, 16.
- Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2004, September). Psychology in human-robot communication: An attempt through investigation of negative attitudes and anxiety toward robots. In Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2004. ROMAN 2004. 13th IEEE International Workshop on (pp. 35-40). IEEE.
- Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2005, August). People's assumptions about robots: Investigation of their relationships with attitudes and emotions toward robots. In Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2005. ROMAN 2005. IEEE International Workshop on (pp. 125-130). IEEE.
- Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2008). Prediction of human behavior in human--robot interaction using psychological scales for anxiety and negative attitudes toward robots. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 24(2), 442-451.
- Nomura, T., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T., & Kato, K. (2006a). Measurement of negative attitudes toward robots. Interaction Studies, 7(3), 437-454.
- Nomura, T., Suzuki, T., Kanda, T., & Kato, K. (2006b). Altered attitudes of people toward robots: Investigation through the Negative Attitudes toward Robots Scale. In Proc. AAAI-06 workshop on human implications of human-robot interaction (Vol. 2006, pp. 29-35).
- Parasuraman, A., & Colby, C. L. (2015). An updated and streamlined technology readiness index: TRI 2.0. Journal of Service Research, 18(1), 59-74.
- Piçarra, N., Giger, J. C., Pochwatko, G., & Gonçalves, G. (2015). Validation of the Portuguese version of the Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 65(2), 93-104.
- Ray, C., Mondada, F., & Siegwart, R. (2008). What do people expect from robots?. In Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ 2008 international conference on intelligent robots and systems (No. LSRO-CONF-2008-049, pp. 3816-3821). IEEE Press.
- Richardson, K., Coeckelbergh, M., Wakunuma, K., Billing, E., Ziemke, T., Gomez, P., ... & Belpaeme, T. (2018). Robot Enhanced Therapy for Children with Autism (DREAM): A Social Model of Autism. IEEE TEchnology and SocIETy MagazInE, 37(1), 30-39.
- Santini, F. (2018). U.S. Patent No. 9,993,129. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
- Takayama, L., Ju, W., & Nass, C. (2008, March). Beyond dirty, dangerous and dull: what everyday people think robots should do. In Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), 2008 3rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on (pp. 25-32). IEEE.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 26, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | December 26, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 5 Issue: 9 |
