Abstract
In this study indirect tensile modulus and long term deformation behaviour of the hot mix asphalt (HMA) containing steel slag, basalt and limestone were investigated using 5 pulses Universal Testing Machine. Optimum bitumen content was determined for three types of mixtures according to the Marshall procedure. Indirect tensile modulus ITM (Sm) and creep modulus (S) tests were applied in order to investigate the effects of the steel slag usage on the pavement. To investigate the effects of air void on indirect tensile and creep modulus of mixtures, the mixtures prepared were also subjected to different numbers of compaction blows between 35 and 75 at optimum bitumen content to maintain different air void content. The steel slag mixes were compared with basalt and limestone mixes. The highest Sm values were obtained with steel slag mixes. In terms of creep modulus the basalt mixes were found to have higher values than the others. However the steel slag mixes provide a remarkable value as basalt mixes. This study also indicates that a certain correlation exists between air voids and indirect tensile and creep modulus, and provide to compare these properties according to air void contents.
Key Words: Steel slag; Hot mix asphalt, Indirect tensile modulus, Creep modulus.
References
- Emery, J.J., “Slags”, Proceedings of the Fifth Mineral Waste Utilization Symposium, 291-300 (1976).
- Ramirez, T.L., “Steel Slag Aggregates in Bituminous Mixtures”, Final Report, (1992).
- Noureldin, A.S., McDaniel, R.S., “Evaluation of surfaces mixtures of steel slag and asphalt”, Transportation Research Record, 1296 (1990).
- Lemass, B., “Slag solutions for heavy duty road pavements”, Conference, Part 2 (1992).
- Liz, P.E.H., Glenn, E.B., “Steel slag in hot mix asphalt concrete”, Final Report State Research Project, 511 (2000).
- Kandhal, P.S, Hoffman, G.L., “Evaluation of steel slag fine aggregate in hot-mix asphalt mixtures”, Transportation Research Record, (1983).
- Gordon, D.A., Andrew, C.C., Nicholas, H.T., “Mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures incorporating slag and glass secondary aggregates”, 8th Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (2004).
- Bagampadde, U., Al-Abdul Wahhab, H.I., Aiban, S.A., “Optimization of steel slag aggregates for bituminous mixes in Saudi Arabia”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, 11: 30-35 (1999).
- Annette, R.H., Andrew, R., Dawson, A., Michael M., “Utilisation of aggregate materials in road construction and bulk fill”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 32: 305-320 (2001).
- Motz, H., Geiseler, J., “Products of steel slags: an opportunity to save natural resources”, Waste Management, 21: 285-293 (2001).
- Heaston, B.S., “Steel plant slag in road
- pavements”, Australian Civil Engineering Transactions, IEAust, CE35 (1) (1993).
- Sonmez, B., Bas, E., Gunay, E., Kara, M., “Erdemir çelikhane curuflarının asfalt betonu agregasi ve demiryolu balast malzemesi olarak kullanılması imkanları”, II. International Iron and Steel Symposium, Zonguldak (2003).
- Marshall Mix Design, The Asphalt Institute Manual Series, 2 (1984).
- Zoorob, S.E., Suparma, L.B., “Laboratory design and investigation of the properties of continuously graded Asphaltic concrete containing recycled plastics aggregate replacement (Plastiphalt)”, Cement & Concrete Composites, 22: 233-242 (2000).
- “Method for Determination of the Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus of Bituminous Mixtures”, British Standards Institution, Draft for development DD-213 (1993).
- “Method for Determination of Resistance to Permanent Deformation of Bituminous Mixtures Subject to Unconfined Uniaxial Loading”, British Standards Institution, BS 598, Part 111 (1995).
Abstract
References
- Emery, J.J., “Slags”, Proceedings of the Fifth Mineral Waste Utilization Symposium, 291-300 (1976).
- Ramirez, T.L., “Steel Slag Aggregates in Bituminous Mixtures”, Final Report, (1992).
- Noureldin, A.S., McDaniel, R.S., “Evaluation of surfaces mixtures of steel slag and asphalt”, Transportation Research Record, 1296 (1990).
- Lemass, B., “Slag solutions for heavy duty road pavements”, Conference, Part 2 (1992).
- Liz, P.E.H., Glenn, E.B., “Steel slag in hot mix asphalt concrete”, Final Report State Research Project, 511 (2000).
- Kandhal, P.S, Hoffman, G.L., “Evaluation of steel slag fine aggregate in hot-mix asphalt mixtures”, Transportation Research Record, (1983).
- Gordon, D.A., Andrew, C.C., Nicholas, H.T., “Mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures incorporating slag and glass secondary aggregates”, 8th Conference on Asphalt Pavements for Southern Africa (2004).
- Bagampadde, U., Al-Abdul Wahhab, H.I., Aiban, S.A., “Optimization of steel slag aggregates for bituminous mixes in Saudi Arabia”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, 11: 30-35 (1999).
- Annette, R.H., Andrew, R., Dawson, A., Michael M., “Utilisation of aggregate materials in road construction and bulk fill”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 32: 305-320 (2001).
- Motz, H., Geiseler, J., “Products of steel slags: an opportunity to save natural resources”, Waste Management, 21: 285-293 (2001).
- Heaston, B.S., “Steel plant slag in road
- pavements”, Australian Civil Engineering Transactions, IEAust, CE35 (1) (1993).
- Sonmez, B., Bas, E., Gunay, E., Kara, M., “Erdemir çelikhane curuflarının asfalt betonu agregasi ve demiryolu balast malzemesi olarak kullanılması imkanları”, II. International Iron and Steel Symposium, Zonguldak (2003).
- Marshall Mix Design, The Asphalt Institute Manual Series, 2 (1984).
- Zoorob, S.E., Suparma, L.B., “Laboratory design and investigation of the properties of continuously graded Asphaltic concrete containing recycled plastics aggregate replacement (Plastiphalt)”, Cement & Concrete Composites, 22: 233-242 (2000).
- “Method for Determination of the Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus of Bituminous Mixtures”, British Standards Institution, Draft for development DD-213 (1993).
- “Method for Determination of Resistance to Permanent Deformation of Bituminous Mixtures Subject to Unconfined Uniaxial Loading”, British Standards Institution, BS 598, Part 111 (1995).
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Civil Engineering |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 1, 2010 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2008 Volume: 21 Issue: 3 |