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A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON FACTORS AFFECTING JUST CULTURE IN AIRLINES

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 495 - 524, 27.12.2023

Cengiz Mesut Bükeç Ramazan Çoban

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1291531

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine the factors affecting the concept of just culture in airline companies in the light of literature review. In the study, the phenomenological research method, one of the qualitative research designs, was preferred. The sample of the research consists of 17 experienced employees working in three big airline companies in Turkey. Interview method was used to collect data in the research. The data collected from the participants were subjected to content analysis and the themes of the research were reached. As a result of the content analysis, the factors affecting just culture in airline companies were gathered under five themes. These themes are; factors related to organizational structure and processes, factors related to managers, factors related to employees, factors related to error and violation distinction, and factors preventing just culture. These factors were classified as major, enhancer, and prospective factors by the researchers in terms of their effects on just culture. It is thought that the research will make an original contribution to just culture literature.

Keywords

Just Culture Safety Culture Air Transport Airline Strategies

References

  • Aral, V. (2010). Hukuk ve hukuk bilimi üzerine (7th edition). İstanbul: Oniki Levha Yayıncılık.
  • Aytaç, S. (2011). İş kazalarını önlemede güvenlik kültürünün önemi. Türk Metal Sendikası Dergisi, 147, 30-38.
  • Balcerzak, T. A. (2017). Just culture? Conflicts of interest in the investigation of aviation accidents. Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport, 94, 5-17. doi: 10.20858/sjsutst.2017.94.1
  • Balk, A. D., Stroeve, S. H., & Bossenbroek, J. W. (2011). Just culture and human factors training in ground service providers (Report No: NLR-TR-2010-43). Amsterdam: NLR Air Transport Safety Institute.
  • Bükeç, C. M., & Gerede, E. (2017). A study on current features of discipline systems in aircraft maintenance organizations in Turkey and possible effects of these features on just culture. Journal of Business Research Turk, 9(4), 155-195. doi: 10.20491/isarder.2017.326.
  • Byrne, R. (2012). Creating a just culture. The RoSPA Occupational Safety & Health Journal, 42, 27-29.
  • Clarke, S. (1998). Organisatioal factors affecting the incident reporting of train drivers. Work and Stress, 12(1). 6-16. doi.org/10.1080/02678379808256845.
  • Çoban, R. (2022). Askeri hava aracı kazalarında insan faktörü kavramı üzerine nitel bir araştırma, In C. Harmanşah ve H. T. Hava (Eds.), Havacılık teknolojisi ve uygulamaları kitabı (p. 39-91). Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları: İzmir.
  • Cooper, M. (2000). Towards the model of safety culture. Safety Science, 36(2), 111-136. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00035-7
  • Cox, S., & Cox, T. (1991). The structure of employee attitudes to safety: A European example. Work & Stress, 5, 93-104. doi: 10.1080/02678379108257007.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2017). Araştırma deseni nitel, nicel, ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları (Trans: S. B. Demir) (3rd Edition). Ankara: Eğitilen Kitap Yayın Organizasyon.
  • Dekker, S. (2013). A new just culture algorithm. Retrieved from https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/2558.pdf.
  • Dekker, S. (2016). Just culture: Balancing safety and accountability (2nd Edition). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Dekker, S. (2017). Just culture: restoring trust and accountability in your organization (3rd edition). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Dekker, S. (2008). Just culture: Who gets to draw the line? Cognition Technology and Work, 11(3)
  • Dekker, S. (2002). The field guide to human error investigations. Vermont: Ashgate Burlington.
  • European Union Aviation Safety Agency. (2003). The Executive Director of the Agency-Decision No. 2003/19/RM. Retrieved from https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library/agency-decisions/ed-decision-2003019rm
  • EC No 691/2010. (2010). Commission Regulation (EU) No 691/2010. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:201:0001:0022:EN:PDF
  • Fleming, M., Filin, R., Mearns, K., & Gordon, R. (1998). Risk perception of offshore workers on UK oil and gas platforms. Risk Analysis, 18(1), 103-110. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00920.x.
  • Geylan, R. (2018). Personel disiplini. In R. Geylan (Ed.). Örgütlerde insan kaynakları yönetimi (p. 110-130). Eskişehir: T.C. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.
  • Gill, G.K., & Shergill, G.S. (2004). Perceptions of safety management and safety culture in the aviation industry in New Zealand. Journal of Air Transport Management, 10, 233-239. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2004.02.002.
  • Hollnagel, E. (2014). Safety-I and Safety-II - The Past and Future of Safety Management. London: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
  • International Civil Aviation Organization. (2013). Safety Management Manual (SMS) (3rd edition). Quebec: International Civil Aviation.
  • Inan, T. T., & Bükec, C. M. (2020). The relationship between the improvement of the safety management system (SMS) with the civil aviation accident rates. The Journal of Scial Sciences Research, 15(2), 599-610. doi: 10.48145/gopsbad.744724.
  • Ingalls, T. (2002). Risk management. Is punishment an appropriate option? Occupational Health and Safety, 71(9), 229-248.
  • Kovacova, M. Licu, A., & Balint, J. (2019). Just Culture-eleven steps implementation methodology for organisations in civil aviation-“JC 11”. Transportation Research Procedia, 43, 104-112.
  • Marx, D., (2001). Patient safety and the ‘‘just culture”: A primer for health care executives. New York: Columbia University.
  • Maurino, D. (2017). Why SMS: An introduction and overview of safety management systems (ITF Discussion Paper 2017-16). Paris: ITF. Retrieved from https://www.itfoecd.org/sites/default/files/why-sms.pdf
  • Moshansky, V. P. (1992). Commission of inquiry into the air Ontario crashat Dryden, Ontario. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services Canada.
  • Nemli, E. (1998). Rekabet avantajı kazanmada örgütsel esnekliğin önemi. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 31(3), 75-86.
  • Önen, V. (2017). A conceptual study about just culture in the aviation industry. IJSS International Journal of Social Sciences, 1(5), 26-48.
  • Perrow, C. (1984). Normal Accidents. Living with High-RiskTtechnologies. New York: Basic Books.
  • Petschonek, S., Burlinson, J., Cross, C., Martin, K. Laver, J., Landis, R.S., & Hoffman, J. M. (2013). Development of the just culture assessment tool (JCAT): Measuring the perceptions of healthcare professionals in hospitals. Journal of Patient Safety, 9(4), 190-197. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0b013e31828fff34.
  • Reason J., & Hobbs, A. (2003). Managing maintenance error: A practical guide. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.
  • Reason, J. (1997). Managing the risks of organizational accidents. England: Ashgate.
  • Reason, J. (2008). The human contribution: unsafe acts, accidents, and heroic recoveries. Vermont: Ashgate Burlington.
  • Savage, I. (2013). Comparing the fatality risks in United States transportation across modes and over time. Research in Transportation Economics, 43(2013), 9-22. doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2012.12.011.
  • Sığrı, Ü. (2021) Nitel araştırma yöntemleri (2nd Edition). İstanbul: Beta Basım.
  • Siregar, N. (2019). Air rage arrangement between the United Kingdom and Indonesia based on the Tokyo convention 1963. Fiat Justisia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 13(1), 19-30. doi: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v13no1.1472.
  • Stewart C. J., & Cash, W. B. (1985). Interviewing: principles and practices (4th edition). Dubuque, IO: Wm.C. Brown Pub.
  • Ustaömer, C., & U. Şengür, F. (2020). Safety culture in aviation: Investigation of Reason’s safety culture model. Journal of Social Sciences of Mus Alparslan University, 8(1) 95-104. doi: 10.18506/anemon.520721.
  • Ustaömer, C. (2020). Developing a tool for measuring safety culture in aviation: A research on Turkish pilots (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). Anadolu University Graduate School of Social Sciences, Eskişehir.
  • Vaisanen, V. O. (2020). How perception of just culture affects pilot performance in chinese airlines (Unpublished master thesis). University of London, London.
  • VonThaden, T. L., & Hoppes, M. (2005). Measuring a just culture in healthcare professionals: Initial survey results. Safety Across High-Consequence Industries Conference. Saint Louis: St. Louis University, USA.
  • Wiegmann, D. A., & Shappell, S. A. (2003). A human error approach to aviation accident analysis: The human factors analysis and classification system. Aldershot: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
  • Wright, P., & Barnard, P. (1975). Just fill in this form. A review for designers. Applied Ergonomics, 6(4), 213-220. doi: 10.1016/0003-6870(75)90113-1.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11th Edition). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.

HAVAYOLU İŞLETMELERİNDE ADİL KÜLTÜRÜ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 495 - 524, 27.12.2023

Cengiz Mesut Bükeç Ramazan Çoban

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1291531

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, havayolu işletmelerinde adil kültür kavramını etkileyen faktörleri literatür taraması ışığında incelemektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan fenomenolojik araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye'deki üç büyük havayolu şirketinde görev yapan deneyimli 17 çalışan oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplamak için görüşme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılardan toplanan veriler içerik analizine tabi tutularak araştırmanın temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan içerik analizi sonucunda havayolu işletmelerinde adil kültürü etkileyen faktörler beş tema altında toplanmıştır. Bu temalar; örgütsel yapı ve süreçlerle ilgili faktörler, yöneticilerle ilgili faktörler, çalışanlarla ilgili faktörler, hata ve ihlal ayrımı ile ilgili faktörler ve adil kültürü engelleyen faktörler. Bu faktörler, adil kültür üzerindeki etkileri açısından araştırmacılar tarafından temel, geliştirici ve ileriye dönük faktörler olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Araştırmanın adil kültür ile ilgili literatüre özgün bir katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Adil Kültür Emniyet Kültürü Hava Taşımacılığı Havayolu Stratejileri

References

  • Aral, V. (2010). Hukuk ve hukuk bilimi üzerine (7th edition). İstanbul: Oniki Levha Yayıncılık.
  • Aytaç, S. (2011). İş kazalarını önlemede güvenlik kültürünün önemi. Türk Metal Sendikası Dergisi, 147, 30-38.
  • Balcerzak, T. A. (2017). Just culture? Conflicts of interest in the investigation of aviation accidents. Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport, 94, 5-17. doi: 10.20858/sjsutst.2017.94.1
  • Balk, A. D., Stroeve, S. H., & Bossenbroek, J. W. (2011). Just culture and human factors training in ground service providers (Report No: NLR-TR-2010-43). Amsterdam: NLR Air Transport Safety Institute.
  • Bükeç, C. M., & Gerede, E. (2017). A study on current features of discipline systems in aircraft maintenance organizations in Turkey and possible effects of these features on just culture. Journal of Business Research Turk, 9(4), 155-195. doi: 10.20491/isarder.2017.326.
  • Byrne, R. (2012). Creating a just culture. The RoSPA Occupational Safety & Health Journal, 42, 27-29.
  • Clarke, S. (1998). Organisatioal factors affecting the incident reporting of train drivers. Work and Stress, 12(1). 6-16. doi.org/10.1080/02678379808256845.
  • Çoban, R. (2022). Askeri hava aracı kazalarında insan faktörü kavramı üzerine nitel bir araştırma, In C. Harmanşah ve H. T. Hava (Eds.), Havacılık teknolojisi ve uygulamaları kitabı (p. 39-91). Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları: İzmir.
  • Cooper, M. (2000). Towards the model of safety culture. Safety Science, 36(2), 111-136. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00035-7
  • Cox, S., & Cox, T. (1991). The structure of employee attitudes to safety: A European example. Work & Stress, 5, 93-104. doi: 10.1080/02678379108257007.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2017). Araştırma deseni nitel, nicel, ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları (Trans: S. B. Demir) (3rd Edition). Ankara: Eğitilen Kitap Yayın Organizasyon.
  • Dekker, S. (2013). A new just culture algorithm. Retrieved from https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/2558.pdf.
  • Dekker, S. (2016). Just culture: Balancing safety and accountability (2nd Edition). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Dekker, S. (2017). Just culture: restoring trust and accountability in your organization (3rd edition). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Dekker, S. (2008). Just culture: Who gets to draw the line? Cognition Technology and Work, 11(3)
  • Dekker, S. (2002). The field guide to human error investigations. Vermont: Ashgate Burlington.
  • European Union Aviation Safety Agency. (2003). The Executive Director of the Agency-Decision No. 2003/19/RM. Retrieved from https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/document-library/agency-decisions/ed-decision-2003019rm
  • EC No 691/2010. (2010). Commission Regulation (EU) No 691/2010. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:201:0001:0022:EN:PDF
  • Fleming, M., Filin, R., Mearns, K., & Gordon, R. (1998). Risk perception of offshore workers on UK oil and gas platforms. Risk Analysis, 18(1), 103-110. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1998.tb00920.x.
  • Geylan, R. (2018). Personel disiplini. In R. Geylan (Ed.). Örgütlerde insan kaynakları yönetimi (p. 110-130). Eskişehir: T.C. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.
  • Gill, G.K., & Shergill, G.S. (2004). Perceptions of safety management and safety culture in the aviation industry in New Zealand. Journal of Air Transport Management, 10, 233-239. doi: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2004.02.002.
  • Hollnagel, E. (2014). Safety-I and Safety-II - The Past and Future of Safety Management. London: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
  • International Civil Aviation Organization. (2013). Safety Management Manual (SMS) (3rd edition). Quebec: International Civil Aviation.
  • Inan, T. T., & Bükec, C. M. (2020). The relationship between the improvement of the safety management system (SMS) with the civil aviation accident rates. The Journal of Scial Sciences Research, 15(2), 599-610. doi: 10.48145/gopsbad.744724.
  • Ingalls, T. (2002). Risk management. Is punishment an appropriate option? Occupational Health and Safety, 71(9), 229-248.
  • Kovacova, M. Licu, A., & Balint, J. (2019). Just Culture-eleven steps implementation methodology for organisations in civil aviation-“JC 11”. Transportation Research Procedia, 43, 104-112.
  • Marx, D., (2001). Patient safety and the ‘‘just culture”: A primer for health care executives. New York: Columbia University.
  • Maurino, D. (2017). Why SMS: An introduction and overview of safety management systems (ITF Discussion Paper 2017-16). Paris: ITF. Retrieved from https://www.itfoecd.org/sites/default/files/why-sms.pdf
  • Moshansky, V. P. (1992). Commission of inquiry into the air Ontario crashat Dryden, Ontario. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services Canada.
  • Nemli, E. (1998). Rekabet avantajı kazanmada örgütsel esnekliğin önemi. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 31(3), 75-86.
  • Önen, V. (2017). A conceptual study about just culture in the aviation industry. IJSS International Journal of Social Sciences, 1(5), 26-48.
  • Perrow, C. (1984). Normal Accidents. Living with High-RiskTtechnologies. New York: Basic Books.
  • Petschonek, S., Burlinson, J., Cross, C., Martin, K. Laver, J., Landis, R.S., & Hoffman, J. M. (2013). Development of the just culture assessment tool (JCAT): Measuring the perceptions of healthcare professionals in hospitals. Journal of Patient Safety, 9(4), 190-197. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0b013e31828fff34.
  • Reason J., & Hobbs, A. (2003). Managing maintenance error: A practical guide. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.
  • Reason, J. (1997). Managing the risks of organizational accidents. England: Ashgate.
  • Reason, J. (2008). The human contribution: unsafe acts, accidents, and heroic recoveries. Vermont: Ashgate Burlington.
  • Savage, I. (2013). Comparing the fatality risks in United States transportation across modes and over time. Research in Transportation Economics, 43(2013), 9-22. doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2012.12.011.
  • Sığrı, Ü. (2021) Nitel araştırma yöntemleri (2nd Edition). İstanbul: Beta Basım.
  • Siregar, N. (2019). Air rage arrangement between the United Kingdom and Indonesia based on the Tokyo convention 1963. Fiat Justisia Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 13(1), 19-30. doi: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v13no1.1472.
  • Stewart C. J., & Cash, W. B. (1985). Interviewing: principles and practices (4th edition). Dubuque, IO: Wm.C. Brown Pub.
  • Ustaömer, C., & U. Şengür, F. (2020). Safety culture in aviation: Investigation of Reason’s safety culture model. Journal of Social Sciences of Mus Alparslan University, 8(1) 95-104. doi: 10.18506/anemon.520721.
  • Ustaömer, C. (2020). Developing a tool for measuring safety culture in aviation: A research on Turkish pilots (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). Anadolu University Graduate School of Social Sciences, Eskişehir.
  • Vaisanen, V. O. (2020). How perception of just culture affects pilot performance in chinese airlines (Unpublished master thesis). University of London, London.
  • VonThaden, T. L., & Hoppes, M. (2005). Measuring a just culture in healthcare professionals: Initial survey results. Safety Across High-Consequence Industries Conference. Saint Louis: St. Louis University, USA.
  • Wiegmann, D. A., & Shappell, S. A. (2003). A human error approach to aviation accident analysis: The human factors analysis and classification system. Aldershot: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
  • Wright, P., & Barnard, P. (1975). Just fill in this form. A review for designers. Applied Ergonomics, 6(4), 213-220. doi: 10.1016/0003-6870(75)90113-1.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11th Edition). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Behaviour-Personality Assessment in Psychology
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Cengiz Mesut Bükeç 0000-0002-2891-6470

Ramazan Çoban 0000-0002-4505-0437

Publication Date December 27, 2023
Submission Date May 2, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 24 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Bükeç, C. M., & Çoban, R. (2023). A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON FACTORS AFFECTING JUST CULTURE IN AIRLINES. Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(4), 495-524. https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1291531
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