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VERGİ ÖDEMESİNE KARŞI SOSYAL DAVRANIŞ: SADC ÜLKELERİNDEN BİR ANKETE DAYALI KANIT

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 22, 309 - 334, 30.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571

Abstract

Vergi uyumsuzluğu ve sonuçları, dünya çapındaki akademik literatür ve ekonomik forumlarda artan ilgi konusu haline geldi. Bu konudaki çoğu çalışma, gelişmiş ülkelere odaklanırken, az çalışılan gelişmekte olan ülkeleri keşfetme eğilimi artmaktadır. Bu boşluğu doldurmak için, Güney Afrika Kalkınma Topluluğu (SADC) ülkelerinde vergi kaçırma nedenlerini araştırdık ve 2019-2020 yıllarında yapılan 7. tur Afrobarometre anket verilerini kullandık. Anketin kapsamlı ekonomik, siyasi ve sosyolojik sorulara sahip olması, kıtanın en geniş anketlerinden biri olmasını sağladı. Lojistik regresyon ve Ampirik Bayes tahminini kullandık ve SADC bölgesinde siyasi meşruiyetin vergi kaçırma davranışını önemli ölçüde etkilediğini bulduk. SADC'de yaşayan bireyler, hükümetlerinin temel hizmetlere erişimlerinde bir eksiklik veya siyasi kurumların meşruiyeti konusunda şüpheleri olduğunda daha fazla vergi kaçırma faaliyetinde bulunma eğilimindedirler. Bu nedenle, SADC üye devletlerindeki politika yapıcılar, ekonomi politikalarının gözden geçirilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi, siyasi kurumların performansı ve verimliliği ile daha kapsayıcı yönetişim konularına öncelik vermelidirler. Güçlü ve meşru bir siyasi çerçeve, etkili hizmet sunumu ile birleştirildiğinde, vergi kaçırma oranlarını azaltmaya ve halk refahı sonuçlarını artırmaya katkıda bulunabilir. Kurumsal reformlar, artan şeffaflık, sorumluluk ve daha kapsayıcı bir yönetişim sistemi, uyum ve güven kültürünün oluşması için gerekli olacaktır.

References

  • Alabede, J., Zainol Ariffin, Z., & Idris, K. (2011). Determinants of tax compliance behaviour: a proposed model for Nigeria. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 78, 121–136.
  • Ali, M., Fjeldstad, O.-H., & Sjursen, I. H. (2014). To pay or tot to pay? citizens’ attitudes toward taxation in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and South Africa. World Development, 64, 828–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.07.006
  • Alm, J. (2018). What motivates tax compliance? Journal of Economic Surveys, 33. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12272
  • Ameyaw, B., & Dzaka, D. (2016). Determinants of tax evasion: Empirical evidence from Ghana. Modern Economy 7, 1653-1664.
  • Annan, B., Bekoe, W., & Nketiah-Amponsah, E. (2014, 22 January). Determinants of tax evasion in Ghana: 1970-2010 (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 2383578). Social Science Research Network. Retrieved on 2022, June 20 from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2383578
  • Athanasios, A., Charalampos, K., & Eleni, K. (2021). Determinants of tax evasion in Greece: econometric analysis of co-integration and causality, variance decomposition and impulse response analysis. Bulletin of Applied Economics, 8(1), 29–57. https://doi.org/10.47260/bae/813
  • Carrillo, P., Pomeranz, D., & Singhal, M. (2017). Dodging the taxman: firm misreporting and limits to tax enforcement. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 9(2), 144–164. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20140495
  • Carrington, W. J., & Zaman, A. (1994). Interindustry variation in the costs of job displacement. Journal of Labor Economics, 12(2), 243–275. https://doi.org/10.1086/298357
  • Cebula, R. J. (2011). An empirical analysis of determinants of recent federal personal income tax evasion in the U.S. Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice, 29(1), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.1332/251569211X15665367493625
  • Damayanti, T. W., Sutrisno, Subekti, I., & Baridwan, Z. (2015). Trust and uncertainty orientation: an effort to create tax compliance in social psychology framework. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 938–944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.124
  • Gemmell, N., & Hasseldine, J. (2012, 14 January). The tax gap: a methodological review (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 2199200). Social Science Research Network. Retrieved on 2022, June 20 from https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2199200
  • Kangwook Han. (2019-2020, December]. Data codebook for a round 7 Afrobarometer survey. Michigan State University. Retrieved on 2022, May 30 from http://www.afrobarometer.org.
  • Kasper, M., Kogler, C., & Kirchler, E. (2015). Tax policy and the news: An empirical analysis of taxpayers’ perceptions of tax-related media coverage and its impact on tax compliance. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 54, 58–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2014.11.001
  • Kassa, E. T. (2021). Factors influencing taxpayers to engage in tax evasion: evidence from woldia city administration micro, small, and large enterprise taxpayers. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00142-4
  • Khlif, H., & Achek, I. (2015). The determinants of tax evasion: a literature review. International Journal of Law and Management, 57(5), 486–497. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2014-0027
  • Kim, S., & Kim, T. (2018). Tax reform, tax compliance and state-building in Tanzania and Uganda. Africa Development, 2, 30.
  • Kondelaji, M. H., Sameti, M., Amiri, H., & Moayedfar, R. (2016). Analyzing determinants of tax morale based on social psychology theory: case study of Iran. Iranian Economic Review, 20(4), 579-595.
  • Marandu, E. E., Mbekomize, C. J., & Ifezue, A. N. (2015). Determinants of tax compliance: a review of factors and conceptualizations. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(9), 207. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v7n9p207
  • McGee, R. (2006). Three views on the ethics of tax evasion. Journal of Business Ethics, 67, 15–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9002-z
  • Mocanu, M., Constantin, S.-B., & Răileanu, V. (2021). Determinants of tax avoidance – evidence on profit tax-paying companies in Romania. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2020.1860794
  • Picur, R., & Riahi-Belkaoui, A. (2006). The impact of bureaucracy, corruption and tax compliance. Review of Accounting and Finance, 5, 174–180. https://doi.org/10.1108/14757700610668985
  • Richardson, G. (2006). Determinants of tax evasion: a cross-country investigation. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 15(2), 150–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2006.08.005
  • Ritsema, C., Thomas, D., & Ferrier, G. (2003). Economic and behavioral determinants of tax compliance: evidence from the 1997 Arkansas tax penalty amnesty program. In IRS Research conference, 27-28
  • Sanney, K. J., Trautman, L. J., Yordy, E. D., Cowart, T. W., & Sewell, D. J. L. (2020). The Importance of truth telling and trust. Journal of Legal Studies Education, 37(1), 7–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12099
  • Tabandeh, R., Jusoh, M., Nor, N. G., & Zaidi, M. A. S. (2012). Estimating factors affecting tax evasion in malaysia: a neural network method analysis. Prosiding Persidangan Kebangsaan Ekonomi Malaysia Ke VII 1525.
  • Timmons, J. F., & Garfias, F. (2015). Revealed corruption, taxation, and fiscal accountability: evidence from Brazil. World Development, 70, 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.12.011
  • Yalama, G. O., & Gumus, E. (2013). Determinants of tax evasion behavior: empirical evidence from survey data. International Business and Management, 6 (2), 15-23.

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 22, 309 - 334, 30.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571

Abstract

Tax non-compliance and its consequences have become a subject of increasing interest in academic literature and economic forums worldwide. While most studies on this issue focus on developed countries, there is a growing trend to explore understudied developing countries. To fill this gap, we investigated tax evasion drivers in eight Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, using the round 7 Afrobarometer survey data conducted in 2019-2020. The survey's comprehensive coverage of economic, political, and sociological questions made it one of the most extensive surveys on the continent. We used logistic regression and Empirical Bayesian estimation and found that political legitimacy significantly influences tax evasion behavior in the SADC region. Individuals residing within the SADC are more likely to engage in tax evasion activities when they perceive a lack of access to fundamental services provided by their governments or harbor doubts about the legitimacy of political institutions. Therefore, policymakers in SADC member states should prioritize reviewing and evaluating economic policies, the performance and efficiency of political institutions, and more inclusive governance. We suggest that a strong and legitimate political framework, coupled with effective service delivery, can contribute to reducing tax evasion rates and enhancing public welfare outcomes. Institutional reforms, increased transparency, accountability, and a more inclusive governance system are necessary for fostering a culture of compliance and trust, leading to improved revenue collection.

References

  • Alabede, J., Zainol Ariffin, Z., & Idris, K. (2011). Determinants of tax compliance behaviour: a proposed model for Nigeria. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 78, 121–136.
  • Ali, M., Fjeldstad, O.-H., & Sjursen, I. H. (2014). To pay or tot to pay? citizens’ attitudes toward taxation in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and South Africa. World Development, 64, 828–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.07.006
  • Alm, J. (2018). What motivates tax compliance? Journal of Economic Surveys, 33. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12272
  • Ameyaw, B., & Dzaka, D. (2016). Determinants of tax evasion: Empirical evidence from Ghana. Modern Economy 7, 1653-1664.
  • Annan, B., Bekoe, W., & Nketiah-Amponsah, E. (2014, 22 January). Determinants of tax evasion in Ghana: 1970-2010 (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 2383578). Social Science Research Network. Retrieved on 2022, June 20 from https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2383578
  • Athanasios, A., Charalampos, K., & Eleni, K. (2021). Determinants of tax evasion in Greece: econometric analysis of co-integration and causality, variance decomposition and impulse response analysis. Bulletin of Applied Economics, 8(1), 29–57. https://doi.org/10.47260/bae/813
  • Carrillo, P., Pomeranz, D., & Singhal, M. (2017). Dodging the taxman: firm misreporting and limits to tax enforcement. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 9(2), 144–164. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20140495
  • Carrington, W. J., & Zaman, A. (1994). Interindustry variation in the costs of job displacement. Journal of Labor Economics, 12(2), 243–275. https://doi.org/10.1086/298357
  • Cebula, R. J. (2011). An empirical analysis of determinants of recent federal personal income tax evasion in the U.S. Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice, 29(1), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.1332/251569211X15665367493625
  • Damayanti, T. W., Sutrisno, Subekti, I., & Baridwan, Z. (2015). Trust and uncertainty orientation: an effort to create tax compliance in social psychology framework. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 938–944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.124
  • Gemmell, N., & Hasseldine, J. (2012, 14 January). The tax gap: a methodological review (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 2199200). Social Science Research Network. Retrieved on 2022, June 20 from https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2199200
  • Kangwook Han. (2019-2020, December]. Data codebook for a round 7 Afrobarometer survey. Michigan State University. Retrieved on 2022, May 30 from http://www.afrobarometer.org.
  • Kasper, M., Kogler, C., & Kirchler, E. (2015). Tax policy and the news: An empirical analysis of taxpayers’ perceptions of tax-related media coverage and its impact on tax compliance. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 54, 58–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2014.11.001
  • Kassa, E. T. (2021). Factors influencing taxpayers to engage in tax evasion: evidence from woldia city administration micro, small, and large enterprise taxpayers. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00142-4
  • Khlif, H., & Achek, I. (2015). The determinants of tax evasion: a literature review. International Journal of Law and Management, 57(5), 486–497. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2014-0027
  • Kim, S., & Kim, T. (2018). Tax reform, tax compliance and state-building in Tanzania and Uganda. Africa Development, 2, 30.
  • Kondelaji, M. H., Sameti, M., Amiri, H., & Moayedfar, R. (2016). Analyzing determinants of tax morale based on social psychology theory: case study of Iran. Iranian Economic Review, 20(4), 579-595.
  • Marandu, E. E., Mbekomize, C. J., & Ifezue, A. N. (2015). Determinants of tax compliance: a review of factors and conceptualizations. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(9), 207. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v7n9p207
  • McGee, R. (2006). Three views on the ethics of tax evasion. Journal of Business Ethics, 67, 15–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9002-z
  • Mocanu, M., Constantin, S.-B., & Răileanu, V. (2021). Determinants of tax avoidance – evidence on profit tax-paying companies in Romania. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2020.1860794
  • Picur, R., & Riahi-Belkaoui, A. (2006). The impact of bureaucracy, corruption and tax compliance. Review of Accounting and Finance, 5, 174–180. https://doi.org/10.1108/14757700610668985
  • Richardson, G. (2006). Determinants of tax evasion: a cross-country investigation. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 15(2), 150–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2006.08.005
  • Ritsema, C., Thomas, D., & Ferrier, G. (2003). Economic and behavioral determinants of tax compliance: evidence from the 1997 Arkansas tax penalty amnesty program. In IRS Research conference, 27-28
  • Sanney, K. J., Trautman, L. J., Yordy, E. D., Cowart, T. W., & Sewell, D. J. L. (2020). The Importance of truth telling and trust. Journal of Legal Studies Education, 37(1), 7–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jlse.12099
  • Tabandeh, R., Jusoh, M., Nor, N. G., & Zaidi, M. A. S. (2012). Estimating factors affecting tax evasion in malaysia: a neural network method analysis. Prosiding Persidangan Kebangsaan Ekonomi Malaysia Ke VII 1525.
  • Timmons, J. F., & Garfias, F. (2015). Revealed corruption, taxation, and fiscal accountability: evidence from Brazil. World Development, 70, 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.12.011
  • Yalama, G. O., & Gumus, E. (2013). Determinants of tax evasion behavior: empirical evidence from survey data. International Business and Management, 6 (2), 15-23.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Policy and Administration (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mahat Maalim Ibrahım This is me 0000-0001-8450-7551

Asad Ul Islam Khan 0000-0002-5131-577X

Muhittin Kaplan This is me 0000-0002-0685-7641

Early Pub Date August 30, 2023
Publication Date August 30, 2023
Submission Date May 4, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 10 Issue: 22

Cite

APA Ibrahım, M. M., Khan, A. U. I., & Kaplan, M. (2023). SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 10(22), 309-334. https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571
AMA Ibrahım MM, Khan AUI, Kaplan M. SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES. Akademik Hassasiyetler. August 2023;10(22):309-334. doi:10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571
Chicago Ibrahım, Mahat Maalim, Asad Ul Islam Khan, and Muhittin Kaplan. “SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES”. Akademik Hassasiyetler 10, no. 22 (August 2023): 309-34. https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571.
EndNote Ibrahım MM, Khan AUI, Kaplan M (August 1, 2023) SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES. Akademik Hassasiyetler 10 22 309–334.
IEEE M. M. Ibrahım, A. U. I. Khan, and M. Kaplan, “SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES”, Akademik Hassasiyetler, vol. 10, no. 22, pp. 309–334, 2023, doi: 10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571.
ISNAD Ibrahım, Mahat Maalim et al. “SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES”. Akademik Hassasiyetler 10/22 (August 2023), 309-334. https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571.
JAMA Ibrahım MM, Khan AUI, Kaplan M. SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES. Akademik Hassasiyetler. 2023;10:309–334.
MLA Ibrahım, Mahat Maalim et al. “SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES”. Akademik Hassasiyetler, vol. 10, no. 22, 2023, pp. 309-34, doi:10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1285571.
Vancouver Ibrahım MM, Khan AUI, Kaplan M. SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS TAX PAYMENT: A SURVEY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM SADC COUNTRIES. Akademik Hassasiyetler. 2023;10(22):309-34.

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